Urinary system

Question 1

components of the urinary system

Answer 1

kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra

Question 2

kidneys

Answer 2

the pair of organs that regulate fluid balance and filter waste from the blood.

Question 3

two regions of the kidenys

Answer 3

renal cortex and renal medulla

Question 4

renal cortex

Answer 4

outer layer of the kidney where blood vessels are located.

cortex produces the hormone erythropoietin, which stimulates the production of new red blood cells.

Question 5

renal medulla

Answer 5

inner region of the kidney where the concentration of urine is regulated.

Question 6

renal arteries

Answer 6

allows oxygenated blood to enter the kidney

two branches of the
abdominal aorta that supplies the kidneys.

Question 7

renal veins

Answer 7

allow filtered, deoxygenated blood to leave the kidenys.

Question 8

ureters (one for each kidney)

Answer 8

tubes that carry urine from the kidney to the bladder.

Question 9

functions of the urinary system

Answer 9

They maintain homeostasis by filtering blood, creating urine, stabilizing water balance, maintaining blood pressure, and producing the active form of vitamin D.

Question 10

nephron

Answer 10

the structural and functional unit of the kidneys

microscopic tubes in the kidneys that use various pressure levels to remove wastes and reabsorb important molecules and water.

Question 11

glomerulus

Answer 11

small dense group of capillaries in the nephron, that pulls water, salt, glucose, amino acids, and urea from the blood.

aka material is filtered from the blood.

Question 12

proximal tubule

Answer 12

the first location where important solutes are reabsorbed back into the blood.

Question 13

urinary bladder

Answer 13

hollow muscular organ that holds 400 to 800 mL of liquid and has sensors that communicate with the CNS.

Question 14

Urine

Answer 14

waste product that is composed of 95% water, with urea, salts, and excess organic molecules.

Question 15

relationship between the urinary and cardiovascular system.

Answer 15

kidneys maintain blood pressure by controlling the volume of the blood by constricting or dilating the blood vessels.
kidneys control the production of red blood cells.
kidneys produce the hormone renin; an enzyme that regulates blood pressure when the baroreceptors in aorta and carotid arteries detect low blood pressure.

the cardiovascular system pumps blood into the kidneys through the renal artery; the pressure helps to filter out the blood and from there returns nutrients back into the blood from the renal vein