Urine Proteins Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is the primary protein found in urine under normal conditions?
Albumin
True or False: Microalbuminuria refers to a high level of albumin in urine.
True
What is the significance of detecting microalbumin in urine?
It indicates early kidney damage, especially in diabetes and hypertension.
Fill in the blank: The presence of Bence Jones proteins in urine is typically associated with __________.
Multiple myeloma
What is the normal range of albumin in urine?
Less than 30 mg per day
Which test is commonly used to detect microalbuminuria?
The urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) test
True or False: Bence Jones proteins are intact immunoglobulins.
False
What are Bence Jones proteins?
They are free light chains of immunoglobulins found in urine.
Multiple choice: Which condition is NOT typically associated with elevated albumin levels in urine? A) Diabetes B) Hypertension C) Healthy kidney function D) Kidney disease
C) Healthy kidney function
What is the role of albumin in the body?
It helps maintain oncotic pressure and transports various substances in the blood.
Fill in the blank: Microalbuminuria is defined as urinary albumin excretion of __________ mg/day.
30-300 mg/day
True or False: High levels of urinary albumin can indicate nephrotic syndrome.
True
What does the presence of albumin in urine signify?
It may indicate kidney damage or disease.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is a common cause of elevated urinary albumin? A) Dehydration B) Diabetes C) Hypertension D) All of the above
D) All of the above
What is the primary clinical concern with Bence Jones proteins?
They can indicate the presence of multiple myeloma and kidney damage.
Fill in the blank: The detection of microalbuminuria can lead to early intervention in __________.
Diabetic nephropathy
True or False: Urinary proteins can be used as biomarkers for kidney function.
True
What does a urine dipstick test primarily detect?
Presence of albumin and other proteins in urine.
Multiple choice: Which protein is specifically associated with light chain myeloma? A) Albumin B) Bence Jones proteins C) Creatinine D) Globulin
B) Bence Jones proteins
What is the first step in assessing urinary protein levels?
Perform a urine dipstick test.
True or False: All patients with diabetes will have microalbuminuria.
False
Fill in the blank: The presence of __________ in urine is a key indicator of nephrotic syndrome.
High levels of protein
What does a positive result for microalbuminuria suggest in a hypertensive patient?
Potential kidney damage or increased cardiovascular risk.
Multiple choice: Which of the following conditions is most likely to result in the presence of Bence Jones proteins? A) Acute kidney injury B) Chronic kidney disease C) Multiple myeloma D) Diabetes
C) Multiple myeloma
