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Urine/Serum proteins Flashcards

(64 cards)

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1
Q

Normal range BUN?

A

~ 15 mg/dL (6-20 mg/dL)

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2
Q

Creatinine (serum)?

A

~ 1 mg/dL (0.6 -1.2 mg/dL)

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3
Q

Indications for increase in BUN?

A
  • pre-renal AKI
  • dehydration
  • GI bleed
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4
Q

Indications for decrease in BUN?

A
  • liver disease
  • SIADH
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5
Q

In what conditions can creatinine be increased?

A

AKI, CKD

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6
Q

BUN/Cr ratio?

A

10 - 15:1

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7
Q

BUN/Cr ratio in pre-renal AKI?

A

> 20:1

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8
Q

BUN/Cr ratio in intra-renal AKI?

A

< 10:1

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9
Q

BUN/Cr ratio for post-renal AKI?

A

~ 15:1

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10
Q

GFR?

A

90 mL/min

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11
Q

GFR that indicates CKD?

A

< 60

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12
Q

GFR that indicates ESRD?

A

< 15 mL/min

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13
Q

FENa?

A

< 1% (normal)

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14
Q

Pre-renal AKI FENa?

A

< 1%

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15
Q

Intra-renal AKI (ATN) FENa?

A

> 2%

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16
Q

Urine osmolality?

A

500 - 1200 mOsm/kg

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17
Q

Urine osmolality in pre-renal AKI?

A

> 500 mOsm/kg

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18
Q

Urine osmolality in cases of ATN (Intra-renal AKI)

A

< 350 mOsm/kg

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19
Q

Urine Na+?

A

< 20 mEq/L

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20
Q

Pre-renal AKI urine Na+?

A

< 20 mEq/L

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21
Q

ATN Urine Na+?

A

> 40 mEq/L

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22
Q

Conditions that can lead to an increase in urine K+?

A
  • hyper-aldosteronism
  • diuretics
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23
Q

Conditions that can lead to a decrease in urine K+?

A

hypo-aldosteronism, CKD

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24
Q

Serum Anion Gap?

A

8-12

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25
Meaning of a serum anion gap > 12?
AG metabolic acidosis (MUDPILES)
26
2 conditions that lead to a non-Anion Gap acidosis?
RTA, diarrhea
27
Urine Anion Gap?
- 10 to + 10
28
Conditions that can lead to a positive UAG?
RTA
29
Conditions that can lead to a negative UAG?
Diarrhea (GI HCO3- loss)
30
Urine protein?
< 150 mg/day
31
Urine protein nephrotic syndrome?
> 3.5 g/day
32
Urine protein nephritic syndrome?
< 3.5 g/day
33
Leukocyte esterase/nitrites found in urine dipstick indicate what?
UTI
34
RBCs in urine dipstick indicate what?
glomerulonephritis, stones
35
Urine specific gravity?
1.010 - 1030
36
Urine specific gravity that indicates SIADH, or dehydration?
> 1.020
37
Urine specific gravity that indicates DI, ATN?
< 1.010
38
Urine pH?
4.5 - 8
39
Type 1 RTA Urine pH?
< 5.5
40
Urine pH for Type 2 RTA, UTI (proteus, Klebsiella)
> 5.5
41
RBC casts could indicate what conditions?
glomerulonephritis
42
Urine WBC casts could indicate what conditions?
pyelonephritis, AIN (acute intersitial nephritis)
43
Fatty casts indicate what conditions?
nephrotic syndrome
44
Serum uric acid?
3-7 mg/dL
45
What conditions would lead to elevated serum uric acid?
* gout * tumor lysis syndrome * CKD
46
NGAL stands for what? Indications?
Neutrophil Gelatinase - Associated Lipocalin * early marker of AKI
47
KIM - 1 stands for? Indications?
Kidney Injury Molecule - 1 * tubular injury (ATN marker)
48
IL-18 indication in renal function?
Differentiates ischemic AKI from other causes
49
Red blood cell/ hpf?
4/hpf or less | hpf stands for high power field
50
Presence of 3 RBC/ hpf may indicate what?
microscopic hematuria
51
White blood Cell/ hpf may indicate what?
infection or inflammation
52
Serum uric acid?
3 - 7 mg/dL
53
Serum proteins?
6.0 - 8.3 g/dL
54
Serum albumin?
3.4 - 5.4 g/dL
55
Serum globulins?
2.0 - 3.5 g/dL
56
Serum osmolality?
275 - 295 mOsm/kg
57
Total recumbent protein?
0.4 - 0.8 g/dL
58
LDH?
Male: 135 - 225 IU/L Female: 135 - 214 IU/L
59
Glucose?
70 - 100 mg/dL
60
LDH (Male)
135-225 IU/L
61
LDH (Female)
135-214 IU/L
62
Glucose
70-100 mg/dL
63
ESR (Male)
0-15 mm/h
64
ESR (Female)
0-20 mm/h

Lab Values (6 decks)

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