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CMSC 100 1st Exam > URLs, IP Addresses, and DNS > Flashcards

URLs, IP Addresses, and DNS Flashcards

1
Q

Four layers ewan

A
  1. Application Layer
  2. Transport Layer
  3. Internet Layer
  4. Network Access Layer
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2
Q

URI

A

Uniform Resource Identifier

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3
Q
  • A ____ is a sequence of characters that identifies an
    abstract or physical resource.
  • Identifies a resource either by location or name.
A

URI

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4
Q

URN

A

Uniform Resource Name

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5
Q
  • ____ identify a resource using a name.
  • This name has to be unique across a namespace.
A

URNs

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6
Q

URL

A

Uniform Resource Locator

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7
Q
  • ____ are the most common way of identifying resources on the web.
  • Identifies a resource using its location.
A

URLs

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8
Q
  • The web identifies resources by ________.
  • URLs may refer to more than 1 resource over time.
A

location

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9
Q

At minimum, URLs need a 1) ________ and 2) ________.

A
  1. Protocol
  2. Domain Name
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10
Q

https://www.google.com/
https:// -> 1) ________
www.google.com/ -> 2) ________

A
  1. Protocol
  2. Domain
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11
Q

Declares how the browser should communicate with the server.

A

Protocol

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12
Q
  • The name of your website
  • (costs about ₱500 - ₱2000 / year)
A

Domain Name

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13
Q

Domain Name can be further broken down into:

A

Subdomains and top-level domain

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14
Q

https://classroom.google.com/u/0/h
What is the top-level domain here?

A

com

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15
Q

https://classroom.google.com/u/0/h
What is the subdomain here?

A

classroom

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16
Q

https://www.google.com/u/0/h
What is the subdomain here?

A

www

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17
Q
  • ________ usually designate a specific area of your site.
  • A common one is blog.somedomain.com
A

Subdomains

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18
Q

Refers to a file, resource, or directory in the server.

A

Path

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19
Q

http://www.somewebsite.com/index.html
What is the path here?

A

/index.html

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20
Q

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ
What is the path here?

A

/watch

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21
Q
  • Commonly found in the URL of dynamic web pages.
  • Preceded by the ? symbol.
A

Query

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22
Q

https://sais.up.edu.ph/psp/ps/?cmd=login
What is the query here?

A

?cmd=login

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23
Q
  • ________ make up the query string.
  • ________ are key-value pairs separated by the ‘&’ symbol.
A

Parameters

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24
Q

https://sais.up.edu.ph/psp/ps/?cmd=login
What is the parameter here?

25
cmd=login Which is the key and which is the value?
Key: cmd Value: login
26
https://twitter.com/search?q=android&src=typd What are the parameters here?
q=android src=typd
27
* An optional part of URLs preceded by a : * It’s usually not explicitly included in the URL.
Port
28
* The _\_\_\_ is a type of software connection point. * Usually denotes a specific type of process or service.
port
29
Give examples of common default ports
* 21 File Transfer * 25 Simple Mail Transfer * 80 HTTP * 443 HTTPS (HTTP with TLS)
30
* Services stick to their _\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ports. * It’s common practice to avoid ports of well-known apps if you are deploying your own apps.
conventional
31
* The _\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is an internal reference to part of a page. * Sometimes called ‘named anchor’. * Marked by a # symbol.
fragment
32
* The _\_ provides an unreliable, connectionless delivery system used by machines in a network to communicate * _\_ is responsible for addressing within a network, encapsulating data into datagrams, and routing datagrams from source to destination.
Internet Protocol (IP)
33
* _\_\_ is built on top of IP. * It provides a reliable, connection-oriented communication system.
TCP
34
2 major versions of IP in use
* IPv4 * IPv6
35
* IP addresses are numerical addresses assigned to machines in a network. * They must be _\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ within a particular namespace.
unique
36
# True or False In the global list of public IP addresses, there are no two machines which are assigned the same public IP addresses.
True
37
In smaller scopes (e.g. local networks), the IP address is unique within the scope, but may share an IP address with a machine in a _\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ scope.
different
38
# True or False * For example, your PC has a local IP address, which is unique to your home network. * However, your neighbor’s local network may also have a machine with the same IP address.
True
39
Are composed of four 8-bit numbers
IPv4 addresses
40
IPv4 has 2^32 ~ _\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ combinations and ran out in 2011
4.3 billion
41
Are composed of eight 4-digit hexadecimal numbers
IPv6 addresses
42
IPv6 has _\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ combinations ~3.4 x 10^38 combinations
2^128
43
* All machines connected to a network have an _\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. * When we’re viewing a webpage, we’re requesting resources from a particular _\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
IP address
44
The hierarchical naming system for resources on the Web.
The Domain Name System (DNS)
45
* _\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the process of retrieving the IP address associated with a domain name. * google.com → 172.217.163.238
Domain Name Resolution
46
_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ keep the DNS records.
Domain Name System Servers (DNS Servers)
47
_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ are maps of domain names to IP addresses.
DNS records
48
The _\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a program that is a component of a browser, OS, or other network programs. It connects to DNS Servers to request records using the DNS protocol.
DNS Client
49
_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ store the master copies of the DNS records.
Authoritative DNS Servers
50
_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ cache commonly requested records. If they don’t have it, they make requests to other DNS servers.
Recursive DNS Servers
51
You need to pay a lease to a DNS registrar to add your domain name and associated IP address to the _\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
DNS registry
52
ICANN
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
53
_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a nonprofit organization responsible for coordination and maintenance of databases related to Internet namespaces.
ICANN
54
The _\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a department under ICANN that coordinates the DNS Root, IP addressing, and other IP resources
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)
55
* TLDs (Top-Level Domains) are governed by ICANN. * They are the _\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ of a domain name and are usually descriptive of the site.
last segment
56
2 Types of TLDs
* Generic TLD * Country Code TLD
57
Anyone can register most _\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ with little restriction. They are the most common of the TLDs.
Generic TLDs
58
TLDs restricted to a country or any dependent territory identified with a country code.
Country Code TLD

CMSC 100 1st Exam (5 decks)

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