Urogenital articles Flashcards
(46 cards)
Evaluation of nafamostat mesilate as an alternative anticoagulant during intermittent hemodialysis in healthy Beagle dogs
Joon-hyuk Choi et al jvecc 2018
Nafamostat mesilate (NM) = serine protease inhibitor
0.25 mg/kg/hr maybe an alternative to UFH for IHD
Treatment of acute kidney injury associated with cyclosporine overdose in a dog using hemodialysis and charcoal hemoperfusion
Gilad Segev et al jvecc 2018
Combined hemodialysis and charcoal hemoperfusion treatment can significantly reduce blood cyclosporine concentrations following acute intoxication or overdosage
Evaluation of a prognostic scoring system for dogs managed with hemodialysis
Francesca Perondi et al jvecc 2018
Presence of respiratory complications, DIC, SIRS, and pancreatitis at hospitalization, were correlated with a poor prognosis.
Hemodialysis catheter-associated fibrin sheath in a dog
Langston jvecc 2018
Lumen of dialysis catheter filled w/ recombinant tPA -> 45 min dwell time -> removed tPA and then both lumens easily aspirated
Necropsy found a fibrin sheath originating from R jug into RA
- Impairs blood flow and potential incr in recirculation
Ultrasound-guided placement of pigtail cystostomy tubes in dogs with urethral obstruction.
Christine A Culler jvecc 2019
Pigtail cystotomy tubes can be placed w/ US-guidance in those where a u-cath can’t be placed
CI: inadequate chemical restraint, coagulopathies, bladder necrosis, and intestinal adhesions
complications: inadvertent penetration of the bowel or spleen, tearing of diseased bladder wall, and uroabdomen
Effect of intra-abdominal hypertension on plasma exogenous creatinine clearance in conscious and anesthetized dogs.
Min Jang et al jvecc 2019
IAP at 25 mmHg UNDER GA (not conscious) caused renal hypoperfusion and decreased Cr clearance
Plasma Cr declined rapidly and returned to basal concentrations after decompression
Incidence of bacteriuria at presentation and resulting from urinary catheterization in feline urethral obstruction.
Edward S Cooper,et al jvecc 2019
No +ve culture @ presentation
13% had +ve culture at removal
-Streptococcus and Pasteurella
Don’t rec ABX
Association of abdominal effusion with a single decompressive cystocentesis prior to catheterization in male cats with urethral obstruction
Katherine K. Gerken et al jvecc 2020
33% had abd eff pre-unblock, near bladder neck
- Transmural movement of urine across bladder wall
- 2ry to venous congestion due to incr intravesicular pressure
Single decompressive cysto didn’t cause sig. abd effusion
A prospective randomized, double-blinded clinical study evaluating the efficacy and safety of bupivacaine versus morphine-bupivacaine in caudal epidurals in cats
with urethral obstruction
Chap L. Pratt DVM, DACVECC, et al jvecc 2020
Epidural success rate 70% Less propofol used Median time to rescue longer in BUP or MOR/BUP cats Time to unblock the same No recognized epidural complications
Postmortem urinary tract changes in cats with urethral obstruction
Mauro JVECC 2020
All had bladder lesions, 79% had renal lesions; 43% had no urethral lesion, 93% had no ureteral lesion
Most common: lymphocytic cystitis and lymphoplasmacytic inflammation in kidneys
HyperK paralleled severity of bladder lesions and renal lesions
Retrospective evaluation of urinary indwelling catheter type in cats with urethral obstruction (January 2014 to December 2014): 91 cases
Davidow jvecc 2020
No diff in outcome between 3.5 Fr argyle vs red rubber u-cath
rUO 11% at 30 days
Comparison of right lateral versus left lateral versus sternal recumbence intra-abdominal pressure measurements in normal dogs
Lapa jvecc 2020
No sig. diff in IAP b/w RLAT, LLat, or sternal
Successful medical management of perinephric abscess and urosepsis following urethral obstruction in a cat
Norkus JVECC 2020
Pasteurella perinephric abscessation + urosepsis after UO
Tx w/ perinephric catheterization (22g 1.25in over the needle IVC), saline lavage until fluid is clear, then removed catheter –> CRI cefotaxmine x 72h (5mg/kg/hr) –> recovered 6 days after
Prospective, controlled, blinded, randomized crossover trial evaluating the effect of maropitant versus ondansetron on inhibiting tranexamic acid-evoked emesis
Marta E. Kantyka DVM, et al jvecc 2020
cerenia 1 mg/kg IV 10 mins prior to 50 mg/kg TXA prevented vomiting
Outcomes in dogs with uroabdomen: 43 cases (2006–2015)
Janet A. Grimes javma 2018
Location: bladder > urethra > ureter
Cause: Traumatic > obstructive > iatrogenic
Hypotension most common complications
79% survived to discharge (21% mortality)
-Less likely to survive if intra- or post-op complications
Associations of patient characteristics, disease stage, and biopsy technique with the diagnostic quality of core needle renal biopsy specimens from dogs with suspected kidney disease
Leandro Z. Crivellenti javma 2018
Ultrasound-guided biopsy with a 16-gauge needle should maximize the diagnostic quality of renal biopsy specimens from dogs with suspected kidney disease
14g more bleeding
18g did not get high # glomeruli per sample
Treatment of pyonephrosis with a subcutaneous ureteral bypass device in four cats
Megan Cray VMD javma 2018
Use of SUB to relieve ureteral obstruction 2ry to obstructive pyonephrosis
Pyonephrosis = infective hydronephrosis, is typically associated with renal pelvis abscess formation
Outcome of ureteral stent placement for treatment of benign ureteral obstruction in dogs: 44 cases (2010–2013)
Pavia javma 2018
Obstructive ureterolithiasis, stricture, or both
Factors associated w/ outcome: pre-op BUN, pre-op Cr, pre-op IRIS stage, and development of long-term complications
long-term complications: need for stent exchange or SUB placement d/t stent occlusion of ureter, stent migration or recurrent UTI
Evaluation for association between indwelling urethral catheter placement and risk of recurrent urethral obstruction in cats
Marc A. Seitz DVM; javma 2018
rUO: 11% inpatient and 31% outpatient
rUO high in outpatient group
Increasing abnormal urine color @ time of catheter removal was sig. associated w/ rUO
Use of a subcutaneous ureteral bypass device for treatment of benign ureteral obstruction in cats: 174 ureters in 134 cats (2009–2015)
Allyson C. Berent, javma 2018
Ureterolithiasis, stricture, or both, pyelo
Post-op complications
- Short-term: occlusion w/ blood clots, device leakage, kinking of tubing
- Long-term: catheter mineralization (463d), chronic UTI, dysuria `
High iCa sig. associated w/ SUB occlusion
94% survived to discharge
Effect of urinary bladder lavage on in-hospital recurrence of urethral obstruction and durations of urinary catheter retention and hospitalization for male cats
Dorsey JAVMA 2019
In-hospital rUO rate was 17%
Bladder flushing at time of catheterization did not affect rUOv
Complications and clinical utility of ultrasonographically guided pyelocentesis and antegrade pyelography in cats and dogs: 49 cases (2007–2015)
Etedali JAVMA 2019
pyelocentesis and antegrade pyelography were well-tolerated
-complications
pyelography should be considered for identification of mechanical and functional ureteral patency abnormalities
pyelocentesis didn’t provide an advantage over cystocentesis for urine culture
Factors associated with postobstructive diuresis following decompressive surgery with placement of ureteral stents or subcutaneous ureteral bypass systems for treatment of ureteral obstruction in cats: 37 cases (2010–2014)
Balsa JAVMA 2019
High Cr, K, phos and BUN correlated to duration + severity of POD
- indicated more profound + severe nephron + tubular damage
- Hydration state or acid-base status had no effect
Anuric cats had longer POD
92% survived to discharge
Retrospective multicentric study comparing durations of surgery and anesthesia and likelihoods of short- and long-term complications between cats positioned in sternal or dorsal recumbency for perineal urethrostomy
Nye et al javma 2020
Dorsal vs sternal had no effect on short- or long-term complications of a PU
