US Containment In Action In Asia Flashcards
(34 cards)
Who was the Emperor of Japan?
Hirohito
Who occupied Japan after 1945?
USA
What was the USA’s ‘reverse course’ towards Japan?
A policy that was not focused on punishing Japan with reparations but develop firm institutions and economic recovery to stabilise the country.
What was the USA’s strategy regarding Japan?
Keep it as an ally to protect it from the East.
What was a clear indication of unstructured economic reconstruction coming to an end in Japan?
MacArthur receiving a clear directive from Washington on the measures to be taken for economic stability.
What were the factors included to introduce economic stabilisation in Japan?
- Increased trade regulation
- Price controls
- Increased foreign exchange regulation
- A balanced budget
- Stricter lending criteria
- Wage controls
- More efficient taxation system
Who was given responsibility of implementing the plan for economic stability in Japan?
Joseph Dodge, banker
What was the super balanced budget?
A budget that would ensure a surplus which would act as an additional economic cushion.
Was the target of the super balanced budget set by Dodge and Ikeda?
157 million yen (just over $4 million)
What did Dodge’s budget led to initially?
Unemployment
What did the USA demand Japan to join? What did it mean for Japan?
The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Strengthened Japan’s access to Western trade but prevented trade with communist China
When did Mao Zedong form an alliance with the USSR?
February 1950
Who is Mao Zedong?
Founding member of the Chinese Communist party and established the People’s Republic of China in 1949.
What did China’s alliance with the USSR lead to?
- Globalisation of containment
- USA’s need for an alliance with Japan to contain communism
When was the San Francisco Peace Treaty?
September 1951
What did the San Francisco Peace Treaty not do?
- place significant restrictions on Japan’s economy
- place significant restrictions on its future political model
- identify Japan’s responsibility for the war
- restrict Japan’s further rearmament
- impose reparation payments for those Southeast Asian states occupied by Japan during the war
Who signed the San Francisco treaty?
All allied states apart from the USSR and China
What did the San Francisco Peace Treaty do?
- recognise the full sovereignty of the Japanese people
- force Japan to announce any claims to a wide range of neighbouring territories including Taiwan and Korea
In return for the San Francisco Peace Treaty what did Japan have to sign?
A bilateral security agreement with the USA called the US-Japan Security Treaty
What did the the US-Japan Security Treaty give the USA?
- unrestrictive use of military bases in Japan
- administrative control of Owkinawa
- the right to use military force to intervene in any internal disorder in Japan
- the right to veto Japan offering military bases to other states
How many of the National Police Force did MacArthur order Japan to train by a US military advisory team?
75,000
In Aug 1952, how many ground troops and maritime personnel were there in Japan?
110,000 ground troops
7600 maritime personnel
How much money did the US give Japan towards rearmament?
$240 million
When was the communist victory in China?
Oct 1949
