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US History Exam #1 Flashcards

(100 cards)

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1
Q

Thirteenth Amendment

A

ended slavery

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2
Q

Fourteenth Amendment

A

granted citizenship to freedmen

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3
Q

Fifteenth Amendment

A

right to vote could not be denied on account of race

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4
Q

freed blacks were unanimous in their

A

desire for independence from white control

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5
Q

Education in the South

A

reached over 10 percent of the school age population of former slaves

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6
Q

faction of the republicans who wanted to punish the confederacy

A

Radicals

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7
Q

Plessy v Ferguson

A

separate but equal

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8
Q

Black codes

A

set of regulations that promoted white supremacy in the south

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9
Q

Recent historian believe that blacks in reconstruction

A

gained significant improvements

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10
Q

People in the west before white arrival did not include

A

freed slaves

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11
Q

THe homestead act

A

granted land to settlers willing and able to farm for five years

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12
Q

Morrill land grant college act was designed to

A

promote agricultural and techinacal education

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13
Q

The Grangers

A

Western Farmers

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14
Q

Sand Creek Massacre

A

American forces slaughtered peaceful Cheyenne

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15
Q

Helen Hunt Jackson

A

wrote a book about the mistreatment of native americans

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16
Q

Native americans maintained resistance to euro american settler by

A

maintaining their culture

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17
Q

Dawes Severalty act

A

created to force assimilation of Indians into society

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18
Q

Frontier Thesis by Frederick Jackson Turner

A

was about the western frontier. Whitemen= heroes

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19
Q

WHy assimilate native americans?

A

it was in their “best interest”

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20
Q

first big gusiness in US

A

railroads

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21
Q

laissez-faire

A

no government influence in government. Liked by Conservative capitalists

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22
Q

Trustinvented by

A

Rockefeller

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23
Q

Great Uprising

A

strike against railroad companies

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24
Q

Wabash, St. Louis & Pacific Railway Co. v. Illinois and Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad, demonstrated that the Supreme Court in 1886 was

A

primarily conservative and supported big business

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25
AFL excluded unskilled workers because
they were weak and unreliable
26
Unions accepted women?
false, they were not accepted most of the time
27
wome who did laundry and different pieces did
piecework
28
by 1900 southern and eastern europeans dominated
true
29
Many immigrants came to the US planning to stay temporarily
true
30
Gilded Age
1877-1900, amazing achivements distracted from inequality and poverty and social issues
31
Great Migration
African Americans left the sourth in Huge numbers 1890-1910
32
Tenements
Multiple family dwellings 4-6 stories poor quality
33
streetcars
inadequate street cleaning
34
political machines
powerful urban political organizations that mobilized large blocs of working class and immigrant voters (corrupt and illegal activity)
35
Boss Tweed
ran political machine in New York
36
Taminy Hall
Biggest political machine, located in New York
37
Immigrants and political machines
recieved help from political machines and were seenas bad by many americans
38
Nativism
anti immigration views and sentiments
39
Urban Reform
Women's suffrage, New woman (describing educated, independent, and politically and socially active women)
40
Social Darwinism
Poor are poor because they aren't "fit"
41
Settlement House
institutions established in cities to help poor provided basic education
42
Jane Addams
founded most famous settlement house
43
Hull House
Jane Addams' settlement house
44
City Beautiful movement
advocated comprehensive planning and grand redesign of urban space
45
Chicago's World Fair
Columbian Exposition marked by the 400th anniversary of Columbus' arrival to the new world to show off the rebuilt CHicago
46
White City
Fourteen main buildings designed and beautifully landscaped with featuring waterways and reflecting pools
47
People's party populists
farmers aliiance turned into populists Wanted gov't intervention in the economy
48
William Jennings Bryant
populist party presidential candidate
49
Reconsturction
1865-1877 hwere seceded states were controlled by the federal gov't
50
10% plan
lincoln's plan that once 10% of voters swore allegiance to union, the state could be readmitted
51
freedmans bureau
set up to help freedmen
52
Radical Republicans
anti slavery and had many scuttles with pres | put states into 5 military districts and led reconstruction
53
wade davis bill
1864 gave provisional gov't to southern states and radicals pushed this bill through congress
54
Andrew Johnson
pres after lincoln. democrat who vetod many radical bills was on trial for impeachment
55
JOhnson's plan
mix of amnesty (lincoln) and wade davis bill
56
restoration
johnson called his plan restoration rather than reconstruction
57
Black COdes
stated legislators in the south passed these to enforce white supremacy
58
Civil Rights act
included blacks as citizens was vetod by johnson but overturned by congress
59
Radical reconstruction
14th amendment gave blacks the right to vote; COngressional plan put south into 5 military districts
60
military reconstruction act
put south into 5 military districts where ppl were registered to cote on new state constituents 1867
61
Tenure of office act
pres needed approval from the senate in order to remove office holders 1867-1887
62
Carpet baggers
white men from the north who went south to farm
63
Scalawags
former whigs, disliked democrats and lived in isolated areas with little of no slaves
64
KKK
Used terrorism to bar blacks from voting
65
Panic of 1873
undermined support for reconstruction; financial crisis 1873-1879 closed railroad company Jay Cooke and CO
66
Mississippi plan
made by democrats to overthrow Republicans in Mississippi by threats of violence and suppression or purchase of black voters
67
Redeemers
powerful conservative oligarchy took control in south aka Bourbans
68
COmpromise of 1877
Congress made special electoral commission to break deadlock between rutherford B Hayes and Samuel T Tilden in pres election
69
New SOuth
supported vigorous industrial economy in the south; economic diversification
70
Jim Crow
laws enforced racial segregation in the south
71
Pacific Railway Act
created the union pacific and the central pacific railways
72
UNion Pacific
went west from nebraska
73
central pacific
went from california to the sierra nevada mts
74
prmontory point
where the central and union railways met in Utah
75
Transcontinental Railroad
Leland Stanford put in a golden spike joining the two railroads at promontory point
76
Great Plains
Stretched from texas up to the dakotas
77
Exodusters
ex slaves who worked to get land, work, better living conditions, and less violence
78
Mormons
escaped persecution and went to Utah and the great Salt lake
79
The Grange
against powerful railroads
80
Cowboy
dangerous jobs, were white, blakc and hisoanic
81
Long drive
1000+ miles from Texas to the plains
82
Sand Creek Massacre
200 cheyenne Indians kille in COlorado
83
Battle of Little Big Horn
Cheyenne, Sioux, and arapho beat ct, George A Custer
84
Dawes act
forced assimilation; gave land to families not tribes, coudn't sellland for 25 years
85
wounded knee massacre
Open fire on Sioux indians 200-300 died
86
Frontier thesis
Turner; Frontier was + on shaping character and institutions in the US
87
Corporation
businesses owned by people who buy shares of stock in the company
88
Monopoly
control of an industry or market by one corp
89
andrew Carnegie
steel
90
vertical integration
controlling all levels of manufacturing from production to selling
91
horisontal integration
One company buys out all competition
92
Robber Barons
Big business leaders. Term is suggesting they grew rich by devious business practices
93
Trust
an umbrella corporation
94
depression
contraction of economic growth
95
CHild labor
paid less, no education, exposed to industrial hazards
96
Blacklist
a list of names who companies refused to hire becuase they were "troublemakers"
97
Socialism
theory rejecting capitalism and advocated common ownership of propert and social and economic equity
98
CHinese exclusion act
1882 barred hcinese immigration for 10 years and was renewed several times ended in 1943
99
knights of labor
founded in 1869 labor organization that accepted all workers in 1880s became worlds largest industrial union
100
haymarket incident
May 4 1886 bomb goes of in haymarket square chicago by group of police causing fear of worker unions and anarchy

History (5 decks)

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