U.S. History: Sem. 2 (Ch 14-16) Vocab

Question 1

term specifically referring to paying a small percentage of a stock’s price as a down payment and borrowing the rest

Answer 1

buying on margin

Question 2

this Republican won the presidential election 1928

Answer 2

Herbert Hoover

Question 3

little towns consisting of shacks

Answer 3

shantytowns

Question 4

organization set up to loan money to smaller banks trying to stave of bankruptcy

Answer 4

National Credit Corporation

Question 5

term refers to the stock market crash of October 29, 1929

Answer 5

Black Tuesday

Question 6

this is the period from 1924 to 1940 in which the economy plummeted and unemployment skyrocketed

Answer 6

Great Depression

Question 7

in an effort to curb the financial loss farmers were suffering, COngress tried to pass the McNary-Haugen bill, which would have mandated this on key crops

Answer 7

price support

Question 8

organization set up to provide 2 billion dollars in loans to big businesses to try and end the Depression

Answer 8

Reconstruction Finance Corporation

Question 9

this Democrat lost the presidential election of 1928

Answer 9

Alfred Smith

Question 10

this term is the name of the most widely used measure of the stock market’s health

Answer 10

Dow Jones Industrial Average

Question 11

this arrangement in which consumers agree to buy now and pay later for purchases, often on an installment plan that includes interest charges

Answer 11

credit

Question 12

organization that attempted to create farm cooperatives

Answer 12

Federal Farm Board

Question 13

this term refers to making extremely risky business transactions on the chance of making quick or considerable profits

Answer 13

speculation

Question 14

organization set up to help lower mortgage rates for homeowners and allow farmers to refinance their farm loans

Answer 14

Federal Home Loan Bank

Question 15

this reduced the flow of goods into the United States and prevented other countries from earning American currency to buy American exports

Answer 15

Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act

Question 16

this required corporations to provide complete information on all stock offerings, with the greater goal of restoring public confidence in the stock market

Answer 16

Federal Securities Act

Question 17

this established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) with the greater goal of restoring public confidence in the banking system

Answer 17

Glass-Stegall Act

Question 18

this helped to create prosperity in a poverty-stricken region by providing funds to build and repair dams, flood-control, the aged and the ill.

Answer 18

Tennessee Valley Authority

Question 19

this put almost 3 million young men to work building roads, developing parks, and helping in soil-erosion and flood-control projects

Answer 19

Civilian Conservation Corps

Question 20

this paid farmers to lower production and, in some cases, to destroy crops, with the greater goal of raising crop prices and farm income

Answer 20

Agricultural Adjustment Act

Question 21

this authorized the Treasury Department to inspect banks and to close those that were unsound, with the greater goal of restoring public confidence in the banking system

Answer 21

Emergency Banking Relief Act

Question 22

this created an administration that set fair prices on many products and established labor standards, with the greater goal of ensuring fair business practice and promoting industrial growth

Answer 22

National Industrial Recovery Act

Question 23

this provided direct relief in the form of food and clothing to the neediest people hit by the Depression- the unemployed, the age and the ill

Answer 23

Federal Relief Administration

Question 24

One of the most popular movies of all time, this sweeping drama about life among Southern plantation owners starred Vivien Leigh and Clark Gable

Answer 24

Gone With the Wind

Question 25

Author of the play "Our Town"

Answer 25

Thorton Wilder

Question 26

his famous painting, American Gothic, depicts two stern-faced farmers standing stiffly in front of their farmhouse

Answer 26

Grand Wood

Question 27

this actor, director, producer, and writer created one of the most famous radio broadcasts of all time, "The War of the Worlds"

Answer 27

Orson Wells

Question 28

this classic novel written by John Steinbeck focuses on the difficulties faced by people who, forced off the Great Plains during the Dust Bowl, moved to California

Answer 28

The Grapes of Wrath

Question 29

most popular singer and songwriter of the Depression era

Answer 29

Woody Guthrie

Question 30

this British prime minister signed the Munich Pact

Answer 30

Neville Chamberlain

Question 31

About the Munich Pact, he said, "Britain and France had to choose between war and dishonor. They chose dishonor. They will have war."

Answer 31

Winston Churchill

Question 32

prior to the invasion of Poland, this is what Germany and the Soviet Union agreed to

Answer 32

Nonaggression Pact

Question 33

this nation ceased to exist after it was divided between Germany and the Soviet Union

Answer 33

Poland

Question 34

after the fall of France, he set up a government in exile in Britian

Answer 34

Charles de Gaulle

Question 35

the result of this led Hitler to call off the invasion of Britian

Answer 35

Battle of Britian

Question 36

this German military strategy of "lightening war" was first used in Poland

Answer 36

biltzkrieg

Question 37

by signing the Munich Pact, Britain and France agreed to take this policy toward German agression

Answer 37

appeasement

Question 38

French defense build-up after WWI along the French-German border

Answer 38

Maginot Line

Question 39

German defense build-up after WWI along the French-German border

Answer 39

Siegfried Line

Question 40

Mussolini's followers

Answer 40

Black Shirts

Question 41

political philosophy that advocates a strong, centralized, nationalistic government headed by a powerful dictator

Answer 41

fascism

Question 42

book written by Adolf Hitler in which he outlines his basic beliefs

Answer 42

Mein Kempf

Question 43

title used by Hitler meaning "the leader"

Answer 43

De Fuhrer

Question 44

Hitler's followers

Answer 44

Brown Shirts

Question 45

Government established by Hitler

Answer 45

Third Reich

Question 46

complete control over citizens and ruthless suppression of opposition

Answer 46

totalitarian

Question 47

Austria-Germany union

Answer 47

Anschluss

Question 48

German brand of fascism, based on extreme nationalism

Answer 48

Nazism

Question 49

After promising his emperor that he would try to maintain peace, Japanese prime minister ----- ordered the Japanese navy to prepare for an attack on the U.S.

Answer 49

Hideki Tojo

Question 49

After promising his emperor that he would try to maintain peace, Japanese prime minister ----- ordered the Japanese navy to prepare for an attack on the U.S.

Answer 49

Hideki Tojo

Question 50

Congress boosted defense spending and created the first peacetime ----- in U.S. history

Answer 50

Draft

Question 51

Germany, Italy and Japan were called the ---- powers

Answer 51

Axis

Question 52

Japan launched a surprise attack on the naval base at ------

Answer 52

Pearl Harbor

Question 53

Japan took over a French military bases in Indochina. In response, the U.S. placed a ----- on Japan

Answer 53

Trade embargo

Question 54

The ----- passed, allowing the president to lend or lease arms and other support to "any country whose defense was vital to the U.S.

Answer 54

Lend-Lease Act

Question 55

Churchill and Roosevelt met secretly aboard the U.S.S. Augusta. Together they drafted the -----

Answer 55

Atlantic Charter