U.S. History: Sem. 2 (Ch 20-21) Vocab

Question 1

in this case, the Supreme Court required criminal courts to provide free legal counsel to those who could not afford it

Answer 1

Gideon vs. Wrainwright

Question 2

Kennedy’s legislative program for progress

Answer 2

New Frontier

Question 3

This barred nuclear testing in the atmosphere

Answer 3

Limited Test Ban Treaty

Question 4

This separated East Berlin from West Berlin

Answer 4

Berlin Wall

Question 5

He squared off against Kennedy during the Berlin crisis

Answer 5

Nikita Khrushchev

Question 6

First African-American cabinet member

Answer 6

Robert Weaver

Question 7

this replaced the national origins system with a new quota system that allowed more people from outside of Europe to settle in the U.S.

Answer 7

Immigration Act of 1965

Question 8

this term refers to the way in which states redraw election districts based on the changing number of people in them

Answer 8

reapportionment

Question 9

in this case, the Supreme Court ruled that all suspects must be “read their rights” before questioning

Answer 9

Miranda vs. Arizona

Question 10

this was a direct communication link set up by Kennedy during Kennedy’s presidency

Answer 10

hot line

Question 11

He lost the 1960 presidential election

Answer 11

Richard Nixon

Question 12

first American to enter space

Answer 12

Alan Shepard

Question 13

Kennedy’s secretary of defense

Answer 13

Robert McNamara

Question 14

a Kennedy established volunteer program to assist developing countries

Answer 14

Peace Corps

Question 15

in this case, the Supreme Court ruled that the accused can have a lawyer present during police questioning

Answer 15

Escobedo vs. Illinois

Question 16

this banned prayer in public schools and brought about change in federal and state reapportionment and the criminal justice system

Answer 16

Warren Court

Question 17

in this case, the Supreme Court ruled that evidence seized illegally could not be used in court

Answer 17

Mapp vs. Ohio

Question 18

this provided medical insurance for most Americans age 65 and older

Answer 18

Medicare

Question 19

this military strategy was adopted during the Kennedy presideny

Answer 19

massive retaliation

Question 20

He accepted Soviet aid for Cuba

Answer 20

Fidel Castro

Question 21

this involved an invasion of Cuba

Answer 21

Bay of Pigs

Question 22

Kennedy’s Secretary of State

Answer 22

Dean Rusk

Question 23

first person to enter space

Answer 23

Yuri Gargarin

Question 24

this strategy was intended to broaden America’s range of options during international crises by “strengthening and modernizing the military’s ability to fight a nonnuclear war”

Answer 24

flexible response

Question 25

this created Job Corps, VISTA, and Project Head Start

Answer 25

Economic Opopurtunity

Question 26

this provided federal aid to help public and parochial schools purchase textbooks and new library materials

Answer 26

Elementary and Secondary Education

Question 27

a Kennedy established program to provide economic and technical assistance for Latin America

Answer 27

Alliance for Progress

Question 28

his religious beliefs were an important issue of the 1960 presidential campaign

Answer 28

JFK

Question 29

Author of the book "The Other America"

Answer 29

Michael Harrington

Question 30

this legislative program summed up President Johnson's vision for America

Answer 30

Great Society

Question 31

in this case, the Supreme Court established the principle of "one person, one vote"

Answer 31

Baker vs. Carr

Question 32

First person to walk on the moon

Answer 32

Neil Armstrong

Question 33

this provided free or low cost medical insurance to welfare recipients

Answer 33

Medicaid

Question 34

technique used in the Civil Rights movement to desegregate lunch counters

Answer 34

sit-ins

Question 35

the Supreme Court rules in this case that a Louisiana law requiring "separate but equal" public accommodations is constitutional

Answer 35

Plessy vs. Ferguson

Question 36

this political party was formed against police brutality in the ghetto

Answer 36

Black Panthers

Question 37

the goal of this was to study the causes of urban violence

Answer 37

Kerner Commisssion

Question 38

person arrested for refusing to give u p a bus seat to a white man

Answer 38

Rosa Parks

Question 39

he spoke of his dream during the March on Washington

Answer 39

MLK, Jr.

Question 40

the Civil Rights Act of 1965 was passed during his presidency

Answer 40

LBJ

Question 41

King objected to the use of this slogan because he believed it provoked violence

Answer 41

Black Power

Question 42

Civil Rights leader who became impatient with nonviolence and called for "Black Power"

Answer 42

Stokely Carmichael

Question 43

group founded under the leadership of Martin Luther King Jr. for the purpose of carrying out nonviolent campaigns against segregation and racism

Answer 43

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

Question 44

by campaigning to register African-American voters, it hoped to attract national attention and influence Congress to pass a voting rights act

Answer 44

Freedom Summer

Question 45

this was outlawed by the Civil Righs Act of 1875

Answer 45

segregtation

Question 46

his eliminated the literacy test and stated that federal examiners could enroll voters denied by local officials

Answer 46

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Question 47

televised scenes of violence during this event convinced Lyndon Johnson to ask Congress for swift passage of a voting rights act

Answer 47

Selma to Montgomery

Question 48

the head of the NAACP group of lawyers that argued the Brown v Board of Education case before Congress

Answer 48

Thurgood Marshall

Question 49

not long before his assassination, a trip to Mecca helped to soften his attitude toward white people. He began preaching a message of ballots or bullets

Answer 49

Malcolm X

Question 50

they tested the Supreme Court decisions banning segregation on interstate bus routes and facilities in bus terminals

Answer 50

Freedom Riders

Question 51

this is segregation that exists by law

Answer 51

de jure segregation

Question 52

its goal was to persuade Congress to pass Kennedy's civil rights bill

Answer 52

March on Washington

Question 53

he was the first African-American student to attend the University of Mississippi

Answer 53

James Meredith

Question 54

this segregation exists by practice and custom

Answer 54

de facto segregation