USA (1945-75) Social Changes

Question 1

Why was there spy scandals and McCarthyism?

Answer 1

The USSR had got an atomic bomb sooner than anticipated

Question 2

What was set up in 1938 due to McCarthyism?

Answer 2

House Committee on Un-American Activities set up

Question 3

Truman set up a board to review government employees, within 4 years how many had been dismissed?

Answer 3

1,200

Question 4

In 1953 what did McCarthy have control of?

Answer 4

HUAC

Question 5

What did Indiana ban?

Answer 5

Robin Hood books and classes the New Deal as Communist

Question 6

What was McCarthy’s downfall?

Answer 6

He went after respected General including Marshall, and the TV trials were mocked and criticised, died from alcoholism in 1957

Question 7

In 1950 what% of the population was under 24?

Answer 7

41%

Question 8

Young people became a consumer power - had an average of how much to spend a week?

Answer 8

$10-15

Question 9

How much was the teenage market worth in 1950?

Answer 9

$10 billion

Question 10

How much was the teenage market worth in 1959?

Answer 10

$25 billion

Question 11

What is an example of films which were aimed at the youth?

Answer 11

James Dean’s a Rebel Without a Cause

Question 12

What did Rock and Roll create?

Answer 12

A generation gap

Question 13

What movement emerged in the 70’s

Answer 13

Hippie movement

Question 14

What did the Hippie movement want?

Answer 14

Wanted to be outside of established society, promoted love not war

Question 15

What did Eleanor Roosevelt set up in 1960?

Answer 15

A commission to investigate the status of women at work

Question 16

Which book did Betty Friedan write?

Answer 16

The Feminine Mystique

Question 17

When was NOW set up and what does it stand for?

Answer 17

1966, National Organisation for Women

Question 18

What did NOW do and were they successful?

Answer 18

Challenged cases of discrimination in court - successful as in 4 years they won $30 million worth of back pay owed to women

Question 19

Who were the Women’s liberation movement?

Answer 19

A more radical group (feminists)

Question 20

What did the Women’s liberation movement believe in?

Answer 20

Not wearing a bra/make up fought against male supremacy

Question 21

Roe v Wade 1973

Answer 21

Legalised abortion

Question 22

What Act was passed in 1963?

Answer 22

Equal pay Act

Question 23

What was a limitation of women’s groups?

Answer 23

Very middle class, few working class members

Question 24

What are two civil rights student groups?

Answer 24

SNCC and CORE

Question 25

What were some methods student protest groups used?

Answer 25

Sit ins and Freedom Rides

Question 26

What was set up in 1959 in relation to student protests?

Answer 26

Students for a Democratic Society

Question 27

What did Students for a Democratic Society do?

Answer 27

Protested against drafts for Vietnam, held a sit in at Berkeley University when they banned political activities on campus

Question 28

How many students marched against the war in 1969?

Answer 28

700,000

Question 29

Which group became more radical in terms of student protesting?

Answer 29

“Weathermen”

Question 30

Brown v Topeka 1954

Answer 30

Desegregated schools and overturned Plessy v Ferguson

Question 31

Little Rock 1957

Answer 31

Governor Orval Faunus used national guard troops to bar the entry of nine black children to the central High School. Eisenhower sent federal troops and ordered the Arkansas National Guard to be under federal control so the soldiers kept white protesters back and escorted the children into school

Question 32

Ruby Bridges

Answer 32

Parents pulled their children out of school when Ruby Bridges attended and only one person agreed to teach her

Question 33

Bussing in students 70’s and 80s

Answer 33

Buses caused mass riots as people did not want the federal government deciding where their kids would go to school

Question 34

Montgomery bus boycott

Answer 34

Sparked by Rosa Parks’ arrest and 50,000 black supporters walked to work instead of getting the bus which lasted 381 days.

Question 35

What did the Supreme Court rule in November 1956?

Answer 35

Segregation on buses was unconstitutional

Question 36

How many people were involved in the march on Washington 1963?

Answer 36

250,000

Question 37

Civil Rights Act 1964

Answer 37

Outlawed discrimination on the basis of race, colour, religion, sex and national origin

Question 38

March on Selma 1965

Answer 38

(Bloody Sunday) political march from Selma, Alabama, to Montgomery. Demonstrators twice attempted to march but were stopped once violently by police

Question 39

1965 Voting Rights Act

Answer 39

Prohibits racial discrimination in voting

Question 40

What % of the Nation of Islam’s members were 17-25 and why were they drawn to Malcolm X?

Answer 40

75%, young people - wanted separation and black people to rule themselves in the USA

Question 41

What was Black Power?

Answer 41

A way of resurrecting black pride and African American culture as black people were getting frustrated due to the Civil Rights Act not doing anything to help them economically

Question 42

Who were the Black Panthers?

Answer 42

Had a 10 point plan to empower black communities economically and contained basic demands such as self-determination, decent housing, full employment etc.

Question 43

How many members did the Black Panthers have by 1968?

Answer 43

5,000