USA Flashcards
(22 cards)
Who is considered the father of the California wine industry and name two things he did
USA
Agoston Haraszthy
Hungarian fur trader
Founded Buena Vista winery (1857)
Credited with importing Eurepean vinifera vines to California
When did phylloxera ravage californian vineyards
USA
1880s and 1890s
Which 2 luminaries brought quality winemaking back to cali?
USA
Robert Mondavi et
Andre Tchlistcheff
Judgement de Paris
USA
Famous blind tasting of world class caliber (1976) in which 2 Cali condenders prevailed over classic French wines from Burgundy + Bordeaux tasting conducted by world-renowned experts
Ranking in producing + consumming wine
USA
4th (production) world
1st (consumption) world
Who regulates all federal beverage alcohol laws?
+ 3roles
USA
Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB)
defines and approved the boundaries of American wine regions
demarcates appellation based on distinctive ge, phys, climatic features
allows vintness to describe more accurately origin of their wines to consumers and helps consumers to identify wines they may purchase
Wine-growing regions are called what?
name the first (2)
USA
American viticultural areas (AVAs)
delimited grape growing region
Augusta, Missouri (1980)
Napa Valley, California (1981)
Wine labeling Law categories? (4)
USA
variety
vintage
appelation or AVA
estate bottling
minimum % that can be used (per category) of the USA wine labeling law
USA
variety
75% min if (usa, state, county or AVA)
90% min (oregeon) - except cab sauv et merlot = 75%)
vintage
85% min from vintage (state or county)
95% min from vintage (if AVA)
appelation or AVA
75% min if (usa, state, county)
85% min if (state, ava)
95% min if (stated single vineyard)
estate bottling
100% from grapes grown on land owned or controlled by the winery *must be on AVA
Cali’s important areas? (4)
division
+ grapes
USA
north coast
central coast
central valley
sierra foothills
white: chardonnay, sauvignon blanc
red: cab sauv, merlot, zinfandel, pinot noir
North Coast
USA
mendocino
sonoma
napa valley
Napa Valley
USA
climate: dry mediterranean, climate varies depending on altitude
cool air + fog = ++ dirunal shifts T, AVAs south of napa are more affected, less and less as you move north
topo: mountainous parts of napa vineyard can + to 2000ft
viti: diurnal shirts (fog + cool air)
climate varies
vini: new oak French and American (+)
malolactif fermentation + *chardonnay
sparkling wines in the southern areas of nana (notably Carneros)
Important AVAs in Napa (5)
USA
Howell Mountain ava rutherford AVA oakville ava Stag's leap distruct ava carneros ava
Sonoma, Cali, North coast
USA
climate: cool (coast), warm (inland)
cool air flow through+ fog = ++ diurnal shifts
(gap in mountains called Petaluma gap)
viti: diurnal shifts
hillsides
differences in elevation
vini: intense red wines, new oak aging often
diverse in types of wine made, styles depend…
Important Sonoma AVAs (6), Cali
USA
Dry Creek Valley ava Russian River Valley, ava Alexander Valley ava Sonoma Coast ava Sonoma Valley ava Carneros ava
Mendocino county
+ important ava
Cali, North Coast
USA
North of Sonoma county
climate: cool (coastal) - warm (inland)
*Anderson Valley AVA
climate: cool coastal
grape
white: chardonnay
red: pinot noir
vini: well known for trad method sparkling wine
Monterey Ava, Central Coast
California
very fertile
climate: cool maritime, fog + intense wind near coast
very warm to hot + inland
topo: gap in mountains = cool air + strong winds inland
viti: important to protect from very harsh winds (from Pacific)
Paso Robles ava, central coast
California
climate: very warm ava what days - cool nights
blocked from cool influences cuz of mountains W
small gap = cool air - wine growing area
grape
white: chardonnay
red: cabernet sauvignon, zinfandel, grenacle & syrah (rhone varieties)
Santa Barbara County, Central Coast
California
climate: maritime, w/ dramatic change in climate from cool, wet, windy coast to warm/dry inland
topo: coast range (w to e) funnels cool air + fog directly from pacific
grape
white: chardonnay, sauvignon blanc
red: pinot noir, grenache & syrah (rhone var), cab Sauvignon & merlot (bordeaux var)
Oregon
USA
location: pacific N/W, between coast range and cascade mountains
climate: cool maritime, coast range = rain shadow
topo: rolling hills + mountains
soil: volcanic - alluvial - clay
grape:
white: pinot gris, chardonnay, riesling
red: pinot noir (70% plantings)
important AVA: willamette Valley ava (+may sub avas)
oregon law: 90% grape on label (75% cab Sauvignon + merlot), 95% grape grown on appellation (85%)
Washington State
USA
location: pacific N/W E of Cascade Mountains
climate: cascade = rain shadow = continental, high desert climate, hot summers, very cold winters, - precipit
grape:
white: chardonnay, riesling
red: cabernet sauvignon, merlot, syrah
witi: desert like conditions = + diurnal differences +++ (40)
*irrigation is essential, sources of water: colombia, Yakima, snakes river
important AVAs:
colombia Valley ava
Yakima Valley ava
Walla Walla Valley ava
New York State
USA
N/E USA
climate: continental, moderating influences from lakes/rivers (inland), from atlantic ocean (coast)
grapes
white: riesling, gewürztraminer, chardonnay
red: pinot noir, merlot, cabernet franc, concord
hybrid: aurora, serval blanc
viti: importance to protect wines from deep freezes during harsh winters and from mold in the warm, humid summer months
important AVA Fingerlakes ava Hudson River Region ava Long Island ava Lake Erie ava
