Uses of Drugs

Question 1

Antihistamines Uses

Answer 1

Swelling, hay fever, allergies, skin disorders, sedation

Question 2

NSAIDS Uses

Answer 2

inflammation, mild pain, thrombosis, antiplatelet, fever

e.g. Aspirin, paracetamol

Question 3

Antipyretic Uses

Answer 3

fever

Question 4

Corticosteroids Uses

Answer 4

asthma: airway smooth muscle contraction
allergies: airway smooth muscle contraction, inflammation, histamine release
rheumatoid arthritis: chronic inflammation

Question 5

DMARDS Uses

Answer 5

rheumatoid arthritis, IBD prophylaxis

Question 6

Opioids Uses

Answer 6

pain, sedation, euphoria e.g Morphine

Question 7

Narcotic antagonists Uses

Answer 7

opioid overdose e.g. Naloxone

Question 8

General anaesthetics Uses

Answer 8

surgical procedure, initial IV, ongoing inhalation e.g. Methoxy, Ketamine, Midaz

Question 9

Local anaesthetics Uses

Answer 9

minor surgical procedures, insect bites e.g. Ligonocaine

Question 10

Benzos Uses

Answer 10

severe anxiety, status epilepticus, sedation, pre-med for anaesthesia e.g. Midaz, Diazepam

Question 11

Baribiturates Uses

Answer 11

severe anxiety, status epilepticus, sedation, pre-med for anaesthesia
most been replaced by benzos as less potential for lethal overdoses

Question 12

Z-drugs Uses

Answer 12

sedation

Question 13

5HT1A agonists Uses

Answer 13

anxiety

Question 14

TCAs Uses

Answer 14

depression

delayed onset of action

Question 15

SSRIs Uses

Answer 15

depression, OCD, pain

safer than TCAs due to less effect on NA

Question 16

SNRIs Uses

Answer 16

depression, pain

Question 17

MOA inhibitors Uses

Answer 17

depression: deficiency of central NA and serotonin

parkinson’s disease

Question 18

Dopamine blockers Uses

Answer 18

schizophrenia

Question 19

B agonists Uses

Answer 19

bradycardia, arrhythmias, bronchospasm

e.g. salbutamol

Question 20

Muscarinic antagonist Uses

Answer 20

organophosphate poisoning: blocks acetylcholinesterase leaving excess ACh in synaptic left allowing binding to muscarinic receptors on post synaptic neurons leading to extreme PNS response

bradycardia: block muscarinic receptors from binding ACh increasing sympathetic tone
bronchospasm: blocks muscarinic receptors from binding ACh relaxing airway smooth muscle
e. g. Atropine and atrovent

Question 21

Adrenaline Uses

Answer 21

asthma: bronchospasm
anaphylaxis: bronchospasm due to hypersensitivity response.
cardiac arrest: vascular smooth muscle contraction due to agonising a receptors, reducing the dilation of peripheral vasculature keeping blood flow limited to trunk and brain

Question 22

Glutamate blockers Uses

Answer 22

seizures, epilepsy, anxiety e.g. ethosuzimide

Question 23

Sodium Channel blockers Uses

Answer 23

seizures, epilepsy e.g. phenytoin

Question 24

B antagonists Uses

Answer 24

cardiac arrhythmias, supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and flutter e.g. amiodarone

Question 25

A antagonists Uses

Answer 25

hypertension

Question 26

Calcium channel blockers Uses

Answer 26

hypertension, atrial fibrillation and flutter

Question 27

Potassium channel blockers Uses

Answer 27

hypertension, angina

Question 28

digoxin Uses

Answer 28

cardiac carrhythias, atrial fibrillation and flutter, heart failure

Question 29

Loop diuretics Uses

Answer 29

hypertension, cardiac failure

Question 30

Thiazide diuretics Uses

Answer 30

hypertension

Question 31

Potassium sparing diuretics Uses

Answer 31

hypertension

Question 32

ACE inhibitors Uses

Answer 32

hypertension, heart failure, diabetic nephropathy, after myocardial infarction, left ventricular dysfunction

Question 33

AII blockers Uses

Answer 33

hypertension, heart failure, diabetic nephropathy, after MI, left venctricular dysfuction

Question 34

Nitrates Uses

Answer 34

hypertension, angina, AMI e.g. GTN

Question 35

Anticoagulants Uses

Answer 35

DVT, pulmonary embolism, thromboemolism e.g. warfarin, enoxaparin

Question 36

antiplatelets Uses

Answer 36

arterial thrombosis e.g. aspirin

Question 37

Thrombolytics Uses

Answer 37

STEMI, PE, acute ischaemic stroke, peripheral arterial embolism e.g. streptokinase

Question 38

Muscle relaxants (depolarising) Uses

Answer 38

sedation, paralysis, pre-med for surgery

Question 39

Muscle relaxants (non-depolarising) Uses

Answer 39

sedation, paralysis, pre-med for surgery e.g. pancuronium

Question 40

Antiemetics Uses

Answer 40

Nausea and vomiting, schizophrenia e.g. metoclopramine and prochlorperazine