USH Unit 2

Question 1

Navigation Acts

Answer 1

The Navigation Acts were used to control the colonies - needed to increase British control
They unified the colonies
1. Closed trade to colonies except that carried by English ships
2. All goods from Europe to the colonies pass through Britain
3. Made people enforce these acts

Question 2

Salutary Neglect

Answer 2

British policy that avoided strict enforcement of parliamentary laws on the colonies

Question 3

French and Indian War

Answer 3

British + American Colonies VS French and Natives
French lose land, British mad at colonies and have war debt they have to pay, Americans are taxed by British

Question 4

Proclamation of 1763

Answer 4

Issued by King George III to avoid conflicts and ease tensions with the natives
- Created boundary along Appalachian mnts. where settle was prohibited

Question 5

Sugar act 1764

Answer 5

British need money to pay for French and Indian War
- Imposed taxes on sugar, molasses, and other goods
- One of the first instances of the British imposing direct taxes on the colonies

Question 6

Stamp Act

Answer 6

Taxed every printed document
- Attempt to raise revenue (not regulate trade)
- The Colonists should pay for the French and Indian war debt

Question 7

Stamp Act Congress

Answer 7

Meeting where representatives from colonies met to protest the Stamp Act
“Only colonial assemblies had the right to tax the colonies”

Question 8

Declaratory Act

Answer 8

Passed by British Parliament in response to their repeal of the Stamp Act
It asserted Britain’s full authority over the colonies
Made to reassert British control over the colonies

Question 9

Townshend Duties

Answer 9

Taxes on various goods imported to the colonies
Lead, paint, paper, and tea
- Taxes were used to pay colonial officials making them more loyal and reliant on the British government

Question 10

Boston Massacre

Answer 10

Boston citizens harassed British soldiers in Boston
- “We were being threatened by a New England Mob, we fired to protect ourselves”
Colonists used this as a way to rile up the colonists through propaganda

Question 11

virtual vs actual representation

Answer 11

Virtual
Colonists were considered represented in British Parliament, even without elected representatives
Actual
Colonists wanted direct representation in parliament through elected officials who would express their ideas and concerns

Question 12

Tea Act

Answer 12

Allowed East India Company to import tea with no taxes
- But other taxes on importation remained, making tea cheaper for colonists, but impossible for colonist merchants who sold tea
- Colonists responded with Boston Tea Party, dumping tea into the Boston Harbor

Question 13

Coercive/Intolerable Acts

Answer 13

4 laws passed by Britain to punish the colonists for the Boston Tea Party
1. Closed Boston Harbor
2. Required colonists to house troops
3. Gave more power to governor appointed by British
4. Permitted royal officers in America to be tried for crimes in other colonies or in GB
- Caused the formation of the First Continental Congress

Question 14

First Continental Congress

Answer 14

Gathering of colonial representatives from 12 of the 13 colonies in response to the coercive acts that punished the colonists

Question 15

Lexington & Concord

Answer 15

First military engagement of the American Revolution
- Needed to arrest John Hancock and Sam Adams
- Lexington -> concord -> chased back to Boston

Question 16

Battle of Bunker Hill

Answer 16

American forces attacked British in Boston after they chased them from Lexington and Concord
- Remaining in Boston is disadvantageous
- Despite British victory, the British suffered heavy casualties