Vitamin D deficient rickets shows what in the bone
Osteoid matrix accumulation around trabeculae
order of enzymes in base exision repain
glycosylase, Endonucleoase, lyase, DNA polymerase, ligase
auer rods indicate
AML
antibiotics for beta lactamase producing gram - rods
piperacillin-tazobactam
enzyme that allows bacteria to incorprate RNA primers into their DNA during replication
primase
deficient enzyme in porphyria cutenea tardea
uroporphyrin decarboxylase
sun blistering porphyria
cutenea tardea
antiviral reverse transcripterase/DNA polymerase inhibitor that does NOT require intracellular activation by viral/cellular kinases (works in vitro)
foscarnet
collegen defect with soft and loose skin with mutile acchymoses on limbs, and hypermobile joints
ehlers danos
collegen sensitive step impaired in ehlers Danlos
extracellular cleavage
endogenous substances that can lead to insuline resistance by abberent serine and theonine phosphorylation by serine kinase
TNF-a, catecholamines, glucocorticoids and glucagon
Side effects of ACEi
decreased GFR, hyperkalemia, cough
BP med that can cause angioedema
ACE inhibitor
carries nerves and vessels to ovaries
suspensory ligament
crystals that cause gout
monosodium urate
Tx for diptheria infection
passive immunization (diptheria antitoxin), is the most important thing to do
kid with blast cells in blood, with mediastinal mass
most likely T-Cell ALL (B cell is more common ALL, but does not make mass
anticoagulanr that can rarely cause neutropenia in long term
ticlopadine
ceremide trihexoside accumulation leads to
Fabry dx (causes renal failure). deficiency of alpha-galactosidase A
most important tx in acute diptheria infection
antitoxin (passive immunity)
nonradiolucent kidney stones is probably made up of
uric acid
tazobactam increases the efficacy of amoxicillin by…
decreasing beta-lactamase production by the bug, increasing avaiability of beta-lactam drug itself
breaks down blood in a bruise, and turns it green
heme oxygenase
CD markers in B-ALL
TdT+. CD10+, CD19+ (T-cell would all be less than 10)
ehlers danos presents as
hypermobile jonts, easy bruising, hyperelastic skin
collegen processing defect in ehlers danos
extracellular cleavage (
causes one sided nasal hemianopia
lesion in right peri-chaismal area (often anyrusm or calcification in internal carotid)
kidney risk in hysterectomy
uterer can be accidently ligated along with the uterine artery
anti cholesteral med that can raise TGs
cholestyramine
secretes hydrogen from intercalated cells of the collecting tubules
aldosterone
effect of aldosterone on the nephton
causes reabsorption of sodium and water and loss of K+ and H+
homologous chromosomes seperate in what phase of meosis
mesosis I
relationship between lumen radius loss and flow change
flow change is loss of lumen to the 4th (i.e. i/2 loss of lumen = 16x loss of flow)
pioglitazone can damamge what orgon
liver
combo of AZR and gangicilor can cause
neutropenia
loss to followup in studies can create what bias
selection
alkaptonuria (black urine dx) blocks what
tyrosine (from phenalyline) to fumerate (needed for TCA cycle)
viruses that can undergo gentic reassortment when exposed to aminal orthomyxovirues
flu and rotovirus
inactivates 6-mercaptopurine
xanthanine oxidase
used to treat cyanide poisoning in nitrate OD
sodium thiosulfate
QRS complex corresponds to what phase in ventricular AP graph
0 phase
what happens in the 0 phase of ventriculat AP
rapid, Na mediated deporalization
what drugs modulate the 0 phase of ventricular depolarixation
class I antiarrythmics (slow Na inward movememt)
used to control acute PSVT
adenosine
SE of adenosine
flusing, burning in chest and SOB
