UT's "High Yield Pediatrics" by Emma Ramahi

Question 1

Full points for grimace is _______________.

Answer 1

withdraw from stimulation

Question 2

The 1-minute APGAR tells you _____________. The 5-minute APGAR tells you ______________.

Answer 2

how the baby responded to labor; how the baby is responding to resuscitation

Question 3

How should you handle Erb-Duchenne palsy?

Answer 3

If it doesn’t auto-resolve by 3-6 months, then refer to NSGY.

Question 4

Edema that crosses suture lines is called ____________.

Answer 4

caput succedaneum

Question 5

Mongolian spots are made of _____________.

Answer 5

melanocytes

Question 6

Salmon patches are more fancily called ___________.

Answer 6

nevus simplex

Question 7

How can you differentiate neonatal acne from milia using timing?

Answer 7

Milia are present at birth, while neonatal acne doesn’t show up until week 2.

Question 8

Erythema toxicum usually presents on day _______.

Answer 8

2 (not at birth!)

Question 9

Orange-colored, nodular skin without overlying hair in a neonate is ____________.

Answer 9

nevus sebaceous (don’t confuse with the yellow scales of seborrheic dermatitis)

Note: these are usually removed surgically because of risk of malignant degeneration.

Question 10

What causes breast milk jaundice?

Answer 10

Glucuronidase in breast milk

Question 11

List four features of pathologic jaundice.

Answer 11

• Occurring on day 1
• Total bilirubin greater than 12 at any time
• Rising greater than 5 units in one day
• Direct bilirubin greater than 2

Question 12

Explain the treatment regimen for diaphragmatic hernia.

Answer 12

Give the baby ECMO and let the lungs mature for 3-4 days. Then do surgery.

Question 13

Coanal atresia is part of what constellation?

Answer 13

CHARGE
•Coloboma
•Heart defects
•retarded Growth
• Enomalis

Question 14

What is the recommended management for meconium aspiration syndrome?

Answer 14

Do not suction! Instead, suction and intubate.

Question 15

Omphalocele is associated with ______________.

Answer 15

Beckwith-Wiedeman

Big baby, big tongue, ear pits.

Question 16

What is the prognosis of gastroschisis?

Answer 16

Sometimes, the exposed gut gets scarred and may require resection.

Question 17

Umbilical hernias should go away on their own. If they don’t by age _______, then refer to surgery.

Answer 17

2 to 3

Question 18

Why does diabetes increase the risk of RDS?

Answer 18

Insulin interferes with the surge of cortisol which is responsible for lung maturation.

Question 19

What accounts for the weight loss in the first 5 days of life?

Answer 19

Peeing

Question 20

Kids double their length by ____________.

Answer 20

age 4

Question 21

When can a kid walk upstairs with alternating feet?

Answer 21

30 months

Question 22

When do kids start the MMR vaccine?

Answer 22

12 months

Question 23

What are two characteristics of a murmur that warrant further workup?

Answer 23

• Anything during diastole

* Greater than II/VI

Question 24

Any murmur that worsens with inspiration is ____________.

Answer 24

right-sided

Question 25

Ebstein’s anomaly is associated with what arrhythmia?

Answer 25

WPW

Question 26

HOCM presents with what murmur?

Answer 26

Systolic ejection murmur

Question 27

The HOCM murmur worsens with _____________.

Answer 27

decreased preload (standing, Valsalva)

Question 28

What is the treatment for rheumatic heart disease?

Answer 28

Penicillin

Question 29

If the pCO2 levels rise in an acute asthma exacerbation, this is a potential sign of ______________.

Answer 29

respiratory muscle fatigue with respiratory collapse

Question 30

Go through the diagnostic criteria for diabetes.

Answer 30

• Fasting greater than 126
• Random greater than 200 with symptoms
• Two-hour glucose challenge greater than 200

Question 31

Localized impetigo should be treated with _____________.

Answer 31

mupirocin

Question 32

Strep throat should be treated with ____________.

Answer 32

penicillin

Question 33

Kids with mono should avoid contact sports for _____________.

Answer 33

as long as they have splenomegaly

Question 34

What CXR findings are seen in bronchiolitis?

Answer 34

Hyperinflation with patchy atelectasis

Question 35

JIA:

• Good prognostic factors: __________
• Bad prognostic factors: ______________

Answer 35

ANA +

RF +

Question 36

Kawasaki labs: 
•Elevated platelets
•Sterile pyuria
•\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
• \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 36

elevated LFTs; elevated CSF protein

Question 37

People with sickle cell disease often get two operations: _____________.

Answer 37

cholecystectomy and tonsillectomy

Question 38

______________ presents with triphalangeal thumbs.

Answer 38

Blackfan-Diamond

Question 39

What are the two treatment tiers of lead poisoning?

Answer 39

• Mild: succimer

* Severe: EDTA and dimercaprol

Question 40

The most common brain tumor in childhood is ______________.

Answer 40

pilocytic astrocytoma

Question 41

Consider _____________ in the workup of Wilms’ tumor.

Answer 41

CXR

Question 42

What tumor presents with dancing eyes and dancing legs?

Answer 42

Neuroblastoma

Question 43

ALL is treated with ___________, even if there are no neurologic symptoms.

Answer 43

intrathecal methotrexate