Uterine Involution Flashcards
What is uterine involution?
Reparir of the endometrium, Reduction in uterine size and Expulsion of lochia
How is lochia removed?
Myometrial contractions
Peristaltic waves towards cervix discharge of fluid/tissue debris and compress vasculature
Stimulated by oxytocin and PGF2a
How is uterine size restored?
Co-ordinated atrophy -
Reduction in myometrial cell size
What is the second cleansing?
Blood-tinged and Odourless lochia with remnants of fetal placenta and endometrial tissue
When does caruncular sloughing occur?
Day 5-10
Known as ‘stubs’
How fast is uterine involution in the mare?
Relatively small lochia, Dark brown, odourless and usually ceases after 1-2 days
Maternal crypts undergo autolysis and shrinkage and are normal by day 14
How long does uterine repair take in the beef cow, when is ovarian activity resumed?
30d repair
50-60d
How long does uterine repair take in the dairy cow, when is ovarian activity resumed?
45-50d repair
18-25 d
How long does uterine repair take in the bitch, when is ovarian activity resumed?
90d repair
135 d
How long does uterine repair take in the ewe, when is ovarian activity resumed?
30d repair
180d
How long does uterine repair take in the mare, when is ovarian activity resumed?
21-28d repair
5-12d
How long does uterine repair take in the queen, when is ovarian activity resumed?
30d repair
Induced so variable.
How long does uterine repair take in the sow, when is ovarian activity resumed?
28-30d
5-7d after weaning
Describe the two lochia of the bitch
1st lochia is Immediate: green
D1-3 PP: Red and watery, then mucoid appearance
2nd lochia is 4-6 weeks later
Why are females exposed to a high risk of bacterial infection during parturition? How is this reduced?
During parturition the cervix is dilated and non sterile, this can lead to bacterial contamination.
This risk of contamination is decreased with myometrial contractions, but phagocytosis by leukocytes is promoted by oestradiol
Should an animal become infected post- parturition what effect will this have?
should an animal become infected it will then subsequently cause: Endometritis Prolonged uterine involution Delayed return to cyclicity Delayed reestablishment of pregnancy
What is Endometritis AKA whites?
Persistent infection (>3 weeks) causing Inflammation of the endometrium Opportunistic pathogens such as Trueperella pyogenes and fusobacterium colonise High incidence (up to 25% of all cows)
In cows pituitary refactoriness to GnRH, FSH secretion and follicular wave emergence occurs at day …………. PP
5-10
In the cow by day ……………… Increasing sensitivity to GnRH leads to LH secretion and Ovulation (silent oestrus)
10-20 PP
