Utility Software

Question 1

What is Utility Software?

Answer 1

Utility software are dedicated programs used for the maintenance and organisation of a computer system.

Question 2

What is an antivirus?

Answer 2

Antivirus software is used to locate and delete viruses on a computer system.

The antivirus scans each file on the computer and compares it against a database of known viruses.

Files with similar features to viruses are deleted.

Question 3

What is a firewall?

Answer 3

A firewall manages incoming and outgoing network traffic.

Each data packet is processed to check whether it should be given access to the network by examining the source destination address

Question 4

What is a TCP/IP?

Answer 4

TCP is a protocol that allows packets to be sent and received between computer systems. IP is a protocol in charge of routing and addressing data packets .

Question 5

What is HTTP/HTTPS?

Answer 5

HTTP is used to transfer web pages over the internet so that users can view them in a web browser. HTTPS is a more secure version.

Question 6

What is WiFi and Ethernet?

Answer 6

WiFi is the main standard for wireless connections. Ethernet is a protocol for wired connection

Question 7

What is FTP and SMTP?

Answer 7

FTP is used to transfer files across a network. SMTP is a protocol used to send emails to a mail server and between mail servers.

Question 8

What is the Application Layer?

Answer 8

Allows humans and software applications to use the network.

Question 9

What is the Presentation Layer?

Answer 9

The purpose of the presentation layer is to display data in a standard format that other devices can accept and understand

Question 10

What is the Session Layer?

Answer 10

The session layer establishes a connection between computers allowing data to be sent between them.

Question 11

What is the Transport Layer?

Answer 11

This layer makes sure the data is sent and received in the correct order and reassembled at the destination without errors.

Question 12

What is the Network Layer?

Answer 12

IP is responsible for addressing and routing data packets. The optimal route for the data to take is calculated in this layer

Question 13

What is the Data Link Layer?

Answer 13

Ethernet sets out the format of data packets. This layer handles transmission errors and passes data to physical layer

Question 14

What is the Physical Layer?

Answer 14

The layer converts the data packets into bits so they can be transferred across a physical connection (using routes and switches)

Question 15

What is the Internet?

Answer 15

The internet is a global network of interconnect networks.

Question 16

What is a DNS?

Answer 16

A DNS server stores a list of domain names and a list of corresponding IP addresses where the website is stored

Question 17

What is malware?

Answer 17

Malware is any type of harmful program that seeks to damage or gain unauthorised access to you computer.

Question 18

What is a Virus?

Answer 18

A virus can replicate itself and spread from system to system by attaching itself to infected files. Once activated, a virus can change data or corrupt a system so that it stops working

Question 19

What is a Worm?

Answer 19

A worm can replicate itself and spread from system to system by finding weaknesses in software. A worm can spread very quickly across a network once it has infiltrated it.

Question 20

What is a Trojan?

Answer 20

A Trojan is a harmful program that looks like legitimate software so users are tricked into installing it. A Trojan secretly gives the attacker backdoor access to the system.

Question 21

What is Spyware?

Answer 21

Spyware secretly records the activities of a user on a computer.

Question 22

What is Ransomware?

Answer 22

Ransomware locks files on a computer system using encryption so that a user can’t access them. The attacker then demands money from the victim to decrypt the data.