UWorld

Question 1

Can endometriosis cause infertility?

Answer 1

Yes

Question 2

What is the treatment for late decelerations due to uterine tachysystole?

Answer 2

Discontinue uterotonic agents

Question 3

What are 3 causes of variable decelerations?

Answer 3

1. Cord compression
2. Oligohydramnios
3. Cord prolapse

Question 4

What’s a fix for decelerations caused by cord compression?

Answer 4

Maternal repositioning

Question 5

What 2 patterns are diagnostic of a category III FHR tracing?

Answer 5

1. Absent variability

2. Recurrent late decelerations

Question 6

What is a patient at risk for when they have a massive postpartum hemorrhage?

Answer 6

Sheehan syndrome

Question 7

What is Sheehan syndrome?

Answer 7

Ischemic necrosis of the pituitary gland

Question 8

What condition presents with lactation failure, hypotension, and anorexia?

Answer 8

Sheehan syndrome

Question 9

How does hypothyroidism cause amenorrhea?

Answer 9

Stimulates TSH and prolactin from anterior pituitary; prolactin suppresses ovulation

Question 10

What syndrome is marked by the triad of cafe au lait spots, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, and autonomous endocrine hyperfunction?

Answer 10

McCune-Albright syndrome

Question 11

What condition causes virilization and enlarged, solid-appearing ovaries?

Answer 11

Ovarian hyperthecosis

Question 12

What condition is characterized by hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with delayed puberty and anosmia?

Answer 12

Kallman syndrome

Question 13

What can be a potentially fatal cause of postpartum hemorrhage, with risk factors including nulliparity, fetal macrosomia, placenta accreta, and a rapid labor and delivery?

Answer 13

Uterine inversion (when the uterus inverts from too much fundal pressure and traction on the umbilical cord before placental separation)

Question 14

What is uterine atony?

Answer 14

Failure of the uterus to contract and compress the placental bed blood vessels after placenta delivery

Question 15

What kind of adnexal mass would cause rapid-onset virilization and signs of estrogen deficiency?

Answer 15

Sertoli-Leydig tumor (testosterone-secreting sex cord-stromal tumor)

Question 16

How much should the levothyroxine dose be increased during pregnancy for patients with hypothyroidism to avoid worsening hypothyroid state due to inability to increase thyroxine?

Answer 16

It should be increased by 30%

Question 17

What’s the definition of pre-eclampsia?

Answer 17

New onset HTN at 20+ weeks gestation plus proteinuria and/or end-organ damage

Question 18

How high does the BP have to be for the dx of pre-eclampsia?

Answer 18

SBP 160+ or DBP 110+ (2 times, 4+ hours apart)

Question 19

What condition causes theca lutein cysts, bilateral multiloculated ovarian cysts associated with elevated B-hCG levels?

Answer 19

Hydatidiform mole

Question 20

How can OCPs cause increased hypertension?

Answer 20

By increasing angiotensinogen synthesis by estrogen during hepatic first-pass metabolism

Question 21

OCPs ______ the risk of endometrial and ovarian cancer?

Answer 21

Reduce

Question 22

Increased adipose tissue increases the peripheral conversion of _______ to _______?

Answer 22

Androgen to estrone

Question 23

Twin pregnancy increases the risk for _______ labor?

Answer 23

Preterm

Question 24

What is fetal dysmaturity syndrome?

Answer 24

When post-term (42+ week neonates) are SGA, have meconium-stained amniotic fluid, and loose skin due to age-related placental insufficiency

Question 25

``` What are the following levels in Trisomy 21? a-fetoprotein: B-hCG: Unconjugated estriol: Inhibin A: ```

Answer 25

a-fetoprotein: decreased B-hCG: increased Unconjugated estriol: decreased Inhibin A: increased

Question 26

What are the criteria for diagnosing PCOS (2/3 must be met)?

Answer 26

1. Irregular menses 2. Clinical or lab evidence of hyperandrogenism 3. Polycystic ovaries on US

Question 27

What condition has premature rupture of the membranes as a risk factor, and presents with at least 1 of the following: fetal tachycardia 160+, maternal leukocytosis, maternal tachycardia, or purulent amniotic fluid?

Answer 27

Chorioamniitis

Question 28

How do you manage chorioamniitis?

Answer 28

Expedited delivery

Question 29

A short cervical length is a strong predictor of what?

Answer 29

Preterm labor

Question 30

What can you use fetal fibronectin levels to indicate?

Answer 30

Increased risk of preterm labor (if they are elevated prior to term)

Question 31

How can you decrease the rate of preterm labor in women with short cervices at <24 weeks gestation?

Answer 31

Give progesterone

Question 32

What's the biggest risk factor for breast cancer?

Answer 32

Age

Question 33

When should routine mammography screening begin?

Answer 33

At age 50

Question 34

What are the 2 treatment steps for a septic abortion?

Answer 34

1. Broad-spectrum abx | 2. Suction curettage

Question 35

What is methotrexate used for in ob?

Answer 35

Ectopic pregnancy abortion

Question 36

Why isn't misoprostol used for uterine contraction-expulsion of a septic abortion?

Answer 36

It acts too slowly

Question 37

If a patient with a septic abortion doesn't improve within 48 hours of abx and suction curettage, what should the next step be?

Answer 37

Hysterectomy

Question 38

What's a first-line treatment for gestational hypertension?

Answer 38

Labetalol

Question 39

Can you use loop diuretics in pregnancy?

Answer 39

No

Question 40

Are ACEi's and ARBs contraindicated in pregnancy?

Answer 40

Yes

Question 41

What's the definition of preeclampsia?

Answer 41

New-onset hypertension (140+/90+) at 20+ weeks gestation plus proteinuria and/or end-organ damage

Question 42

``` What level of pre-eclampsia has the following signs?: SBP 160+/110+ thrombocytopenia elev creatinine elev transaminases pulmonary edema visual or cerebral sx ```

Answer 42

Severe

Question 43

What's the management of preeclampsia with severe features?

Answer 43

Delivery at 34+ weeks

Question 44

What's the management of preeclampsia without severe features?

Answer 44

Delivery at 37+ weeks

Question 45

What condition during pregnancy might cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and jaundice?

Answer 45

Acute fatty liver of pregnancy

Question 46

What condition during pregnancy might cause elevated bilirubin and transaminases as well as generalized priuritis?

Answer 46

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

Question 47

What are the 3 first-line anti-hypertensives for pregnancy?

Answer 47

1. Hydralazine 2. Labetalol 3. Nifedipine

Question 48

What is the definition of maternal hypertensive crisis?

Answer 48

160+/110+ for 15+ minutes

Question 49

What might a pool of fluid in the vaginal canal after pelvic surgery indicate?

Answer 49

Vesicovaginal fistula