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Obgyn > UWorld > Flashcards

UWorld Flashcards

1
Q

Can endometriosis cause infertility?

A

Yes

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2
Q

What is the treatment for late decelerations due to uterine tachysystole?

A

Discontinue uterotonic agents

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3
Q

What are 3 causes of variable decelerations?

A
  1. Cord compression
  2. Oligohydramnios
  3. Cord prolapse
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4
Q

What’s a fix for decelerations caused by cord compression?

A

Maternal repositioning

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5
Q

What 2 patterns are diagnostic of a category III FHR tracing?

A
  1. Absent variability

2. Recurrent late decelerations

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6
Q

What is a patient at risk for when they have a massive postpartum hemorrhage?

A

Sheehan syndrome

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7
Q

What is Sheehan syndrome?

A

Ischemic necrosis of the pituitary gland

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8
Q

What condition presents with lactation failure, hypotension, and anorexia?

A

Sheehan syndrome

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9
Q

How does hypothyroidism cause amenorrhea?

A

Stimulates TSH and prolactin from anterior pituitary; prolactin suppresses ovulation

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10
Q

What syndrome is marked by the triad of cafe au lait spots, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, and autonomous endocrine hyperfunction?

A

McCune-Albright syndrome

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11
Q

What condition causes virilization and enlarged, solid-appearing ovaries?

A

Ovarian hyperthecosis

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12
Q

What condition is characterized by hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with delayed puberty and anosmia?

A

Kallman syndrome

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13
Q

What can be a potentially fatal cause of postpartum hemorrhage, with risk factors including nulliparity, fetal macrosomia, placenta accreta, and a rapid labor and delivery?

A

Uterine inversion (when the uterus inverts from too much fundal pressure and traction on the umbilical cord before placental separation)

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14
Q

What is uterine atony?

A

Failure of the uterus to contract and compress the placental bed blood vessels after placenta delivery

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15
Q

What kind of adnexal mass would cause rapid-onset virilization and signs of estrogen deficiency?

A

Sertoli-Leydig tumor (testosterone-secreting sex cord-stromal tumor)

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16
Q

How much should the levothyroxine dose be increased during pregnancy for patients with hypothyroidism to avoid worsening hypothyroid state due to inability to increase thyroxine?

A

It should be increased by 30%

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17
Q

What’s the definition of pre-eclampsia?

A

New onset HTN at 20+ weeks gestation plus proteinuria and/or end-organ damage

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18
Q

How high does the BP have to be for the dx of pre-eclampsia?

A

SBP 160+ or DBP 110+ (2 times, 4+ hours apart)

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19
Q

What condition causes theca lutein cysts, bilateral multiloculated ovarian cysts associated with elevated B-hCG levels?

A

Hydatidiform mole

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20
Q

How can OCPs cause increased hypertension?

A

By increasing angiotensinogen synthesis by estrogen during hepatic first-pass metabolism

21
Q

OCPs ______ the risk of endometrial and ovarian cancer?

A

Reduce

22
Q

Increased adipose tissue increases the peripheral conversion of _______ to _______?

A

Androgen to estrone

23
Q

Twin pregnancy increases the risk for _______ labor?

A

Preterm

24
Q

What is fetal dysmaturity syndrome?

A

When post-term (42+ week neonates) are SGA, have meconium-stained amniotic fluid, and loose skin due to age-related placental insufficiency

25
Q 
What are the following levels in Trisomy 21?
a-fetoprotein: 
B-hCG:
Unconjugated estriol:
Inhibin A:
A

a-fetoprotein: decreased
B-hCG: increased
Unconjugated estriol: decreased
Inhibin A: increased

26
Q

What are the criteria for diagnosing PCOS (2/3 must be met)?

A
  1. Irregular menses
  2. Clinical or lab evidence of hyperandrogenism
  3. Polycystic ovaries on US
27
Q

What condition has premature rupture of the membranes as a risk factor, and presents with at least 1 of the following: fetal tachycardia 160+, maternal leukocytosis, maternal tachycardia, or purulent amniotic fluid?

A

Chorioamniitis

28
Q

How do you manage chorioamniitis?

A

Expedited delivery

29
Q

A short cervical length is a strong predictor of what?

A

Preterm labor

30
Q

What can you use fetal fibronectin levels to indicate?

A

Increased risk of preterm labor (if they are elevated prior to term)

31
Q

How can you decrease the rate of preterm labor in women with short cervices at <24 weeks gestation?

A

Give progesterone

32
Q

What’s the biggest risk factor for breast cancer?

A

Age

33
Q

When should routine mammography screening begin?

A

At age 50

34
Q

What are the 2 treatment steps for a septic abortion?

A
  1. Broad-spectrum abx

2. Suction curettage

35
Q

What is methotrexate used for in ob?

A

Ectopic pregnancy abortion

36
Q

Why isn’t misoprostol used for uterine contraction-expulsion of a septic abortion?

A

It acts too slowly

37
Q

If a patient with a septic abortion doesn’t improve within 48 hours of abx and suction curettage, what should the next step be?

A

Hysterectomy

38
Q

What’s a first-line treatment for gestational hypertension?

A

Labetalol

39
Q

Can you use loop diuretics in pregnancy?

A

No

40
Q

Are ACEi’s and ARBs contraindicated in pregnancy?

A

Yes

41
Q

What’s the definition of preeclampsia?

A

New-onset hypertension (140+/90+) at 20+ weeks gestation plus proteinuria and/or end-organ damage

42
Q 
What level of pre-eclampsia has the following signs?:
SBP 160+/110+ 
thrombocytopenia
elev creatinine
elev transaminases
pulmonary edema
visual or cerebral sx
A

Severe

43
Q

What’s the management of preeclampsia with severe features?

A

Delivery at 34+ weeks

44
Q

What’s the management of preeclampsia without severe features?

A

Delivery at 37+ weeks

45
Q

What condition during pregnancy might cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and jaundice?

A

Acute fatty liver of pregnancy

46
Q

What condition during pregnancy might cause elevated bilirubin and transaminases as well as generalized priuritis?

A

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

47
Q

What are the 3 first-line anti-hypertensives for pregnancy?

A
  1. Hydralazine
  2. Labetalol
  3. Nifedipine
48
Q

What is the definition of maternal hypertensive crisis?

A

160+/110+ for 15+ minutes

49
Q

What might a pool of fluid in the vaginal canal after pelvic surgery indicate?

A

Vesicovaginal fistula

Obgyn (6 decks)

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