UWorld Q Bank: Final Stretch! Flashcards
(47 cards)
______________ presents like Henoch-Schonlein purpura in an adult who has a history of IV drug use.
Mixed cryoglobulinemia
They both present with purpura, arthralgias, malaise, hematuria, and proteinuria. Other than a history of HCV, the only big difference is that MC presents with low complement.
____________ may present after rhinoplasty.
Septal perforation
Rigors after pregnancy may signify ___________.
nothing
While they could be a sign of fever, rigors in the postpartum period are common. They are thought to occur secondary to poor thermal regulation.
In addition to hirsutism, those with PCOS can actually have ______________.
male-pattern baldness
Those with IBD are at increased risk of what ophthalmologic concern?
Anterior uveitis
What is the uvea?
The tissue between the cornea and the retina
Hereditary spherocytosis can present as early as ____________.
the neonatal period
Postprandial hypoglycemia in a long-time diabetic can indicate what disorder?
Gastroparesis
If someone gives themselves a preprandial bolus of insulin and then their meal is stalled in their stomachs, then they will become hypoglycemic.
Which antibiotics are CYP inhibitors?
- Ciprofloxacin
* Clarithromycin / erythromycin
What synthetic cannabinoid is often given for weight gain in those with HIV cachexia?
Dronabinol
Note: it has not been shown to be effective in other types of anorexia, so megesterol is preferred for non-HIV cachexia.
Explain how severe B12 deficiency can cause hemolytic anemia.
B12 deficiency leads to megaloblastosis. Those large RBCs can actually break when leaving the bone marrow, leading to intramedullary hemolytic anemia.
Upper-lobe cavitation, hyponatremia, and hyperkalemia indicate _________________.
tuberculosis with adrenal destruction
How can you prevent uric acid stones?
- Hydration
* Potassium citrate (this alkalinizes the urine and prevents stone formation)
True or false: the best initial diagnostic in those with suspected diverticulitis is x-ray.
False
Abdominal CT with oral and IV contrast is the proper initial diagnostic.
Untreated, genital herpes has what usual course?
Decreasingly frequenty relapses
In the first year after infection, those with genital herpes will typically have five relapses. Frequency usually decreases after that.
Diagnose diabetes with ___________ in those with PCOS.
oral glucose tolerance test
It is more sensitive than the A1c.
Describe the presentation of sporotrichosis.
- Starts at distal extremities
- Papule that then ulcerates into non-purulent, odorless vesicle
- Spreads along lymphatics
- Vital signs normal
Atrial fibrillation most commonly arises from which site in the heart?
Pulmonary veins
The dermatitis of pellagra is ______________.
sun-sensitive (look for malar rash and rash on forearms)
Minimal change disease is seen in children and those with _______________.
Hodgkin lymphoma
Recall the association with cytokines.
Membranous nephropathy is seen in those with HBV, HCV, and ___________.
solid malignancies
Although many people think that OCPs cause ____________, several studies have shown this not to be true.
weight gain
Describe the differential for fetal growth restriction.
•Note if it has occurred throughout pregnancy or started later.
- Early FGR is either infectious (with multiple anomalies on US) or aneuploidy (fewer anomalies).
- Late FGR is likely due to maternal HTN or uteroplacental insufficiency.
In addition to diarrhea, dementia, and dermatitis, pellagra can also cause ______________.
glossitis
