Uworld Set 3

Question 1

what are the 4 main causes of diarrhea in an HIV patient

Answer 1

cryptosporidium
mycobacterium avium complex
microsporidia
giardia

Question 2

elevated ratio of alpha TSH subunit to beta suggests

Answer 2

pituitary adenoma

Question 3

patient with known pituitary adenoma that has sudden acute headache visual field defects and decreased visual acuity

Answer 3

pituitary apoplexy

Question 4

screening tool for ovarian mass in a postmenopausal patient

Answer 4

CA-125

Question 5

why is needle aspiration of adnexal masses not recommended in postmenopausal patients

Answer 5

potential seeding of tumor cells

Question 6

dilated gas filled loops of bowel with no transition point
nausea
vomiting
abdominal distension
failure to pass flatus or stool
hypoactive or absent bowel sounds

Answer 6

paralytic ileus

Question 7

distended stomach with succession splash

Answer 7

gastric outlet obstruction

Question 8

common obstruction sdecondary to abdominal surgery but can be seen in retroperitoneal abdominal hemorrhage or inflammation intestinal ischemia and electrolyte abnormalities

Answer 8

paralytic ileus

Question 9

precocious puberty
cafe au lait spots
multiple bone defects

Answer 9

McCune Albright syndrome

Question 10

protein affected in mcCune Albright syndrome

Answer 10

G-protein cAMP kinase

Question 11

cafe au lait spots with regular borders

axillary and genital freckles

Answer 11

von recklinhausen syndrome (NF1)

Question 12

gastrointestinal tract polyposis and mucocutaneous pigmentation

Answer 12

peutz jeghers syndrome

Question 13

sporadic phakomatosis characterized by mental retardation seizures visual impairment and port wine stain over trigeminal nerve

Answer 13

sturge weber

Question 14

T/F McCune albright syndrome is associated with hjypercortisolism

Answer 14

T

Question 15

two bugs testable in acute lymphadenitis

Answer 15

staph and strep

Question 16

drug of choice for acute lymphadenitis

Answer 16

clinda

Question 17

acute bilateral lymphadenitis

Answer 17

adenovirus (other URI bugs)

Question 18

subacute unilateral lymphadenitis

Answer 18

non-TB mycobacterium (MAC)

Question 19

acute LAD in the setting of poor dentition and caries

Answer 19

prevotella sp

Question 20

LOW CO and BP in the context of increased PCWP

Answer 20

cardiogenic shock

Question 21

elevated SVR in combination with normal BP CO and PCWP

Answer 21

compensated shock

Question 22

premature adrenarche pubarche severe cystic acne accelerated linear growth and advanced bone age

Answer 22

non classic CAH (21-hydroxylase deficiency)

Question 23

gonadotropin dependent precocious puberty with unilaterally enlarged testicle

Answer 23

leydig cell tumor

Question 24

marfans patient with acute onset chest pain radiating to the neck from anterior chest

Answer 24

aortic dissection (OR MI but in this patient population think dissection)

Question 25

what is the murmur associated with marfans patient showing symptoms of aortic dissection

Answer 25

aortic regurgitation

Question 26

upper limb defects such as deformities of the radius carpal bones and artial septal defect

Answer 26

Holt Oram syndrome

Question 27

smooth circular areas of hair loss without scaling

Answer 27

alopecia areata

Question 28

well demarcated inflammatory plaque scrring and alopecia

Answer 28

discoid lupus erythematosus

Question 29

pressure induced alopecia can occur after

Answer 29

surgery

Question 30

seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp is commonly referred to as

Answer 30

dandruff

Question 31

two female specific carcinomas seen with lynch syndrome

Answer 31

ovarian and endometrial

Question 32

clear cell renal carcinoma and pheochromocytoma are typically tested as a part of what syndromic cause

Answer 32

von hippel lindau

Question 33

inheritance pattern of MEN disorders

Answer 33

autosomal dominant

Question 34

normal A-a gradient

Answer 34

<15

Question 35

patient with breast tenderness, ovarian mass and thickened endometrial strip on pelvic US with postmenopausal bleeding likely source next step

Answer 35

``` granulosa cell tumor endometrial biopsy (need to rule out concurrent endometrial malignancy) ```

Question 36

pulmonary issues 2 weeks following initiation of a new antiarrhythmic

Answer 36

amiodarone induced interstitial pneumonitis

Question 37

aggressive behavior virilization (male pattern baldness deepening voice clitoromegaly) hypertension

Answer 37

exogenous steroid use (or CAH)

Question 38

nodulocystic acne obesity enlarged ovaries on exam signs of insulin resistance

Answer 38

PCOS

Question 39

``` what happens to the following in tumor lysis syndrome: uric acid K phos Ca ```

Answer 39

+ + + -

Question 40

why is the calcium low in tumor lysis syndrome

Answer 40

phosphate binds to the calcium

Question 41

two treatments for tumor lysis syndrome

Answer 41

allopurinol | IV fluid

Question 42

patient with SLE on prednisone with atraumatic hip pain with normal x ray findings

Answer 42

avascular necrosis of the femoral head

Question 43

test of choice in a patient with suspected osteonecrosis of the hip

Answer 43

MRI

Question 44

sudden vasomotor crash and skin hyperpigmentation in a young patient with disseminated meningococcal infection

Answer 44

waterhouse friedrickson syndrome

Question 45

acute epidydymitis age <35

Answer 45

gonorrhea | chlamydial

Question 46

acute epidydymitis age >35

Answer 46

e coli

Question 47

fever malaise myalgias followed by parotitis

Answer 47

mumps

Question 48

``` thrombocytopenia renal damage confusion/AMS fever MAHA ```

Answer 48

TTP (CLASSSSSIC pentad)

Question 49

what is the treatment for TTP

Answer 49

plasmaphoresis

Question 50

what is the crucial last step in dx of TTp

Answer 50

peripheral blood smear

Question 51

eczema regurgitation or vomiting painless bloody stools in an infant

Answer 51

milk protein allergy