Vaccinations Flashcards
(21 cards)
What are inactivated vaccines?
Giving a killed/dead version of the pathogen. They cannot cause an infection and are safe for immunocompromised patients, but they may not have an adequate response.
What are some examples of inactivated vaccines?
Polio, flu vaccine, hepatitis A, rabies.
What are subunit and conjugate vaccines?
These only contain parts of the organism used to stimulate an immune response. They also cannot cause infection and are safe for immunocompromised patients.
What are some examples of subunit and conjugate vaccines?
Pneumococcus, meningococcus, hepatitis B, pertussis (whooping cough), haemophilus influenza type B, HPV, shingles.
What are live attenuated vaccines?
These contain a weakened version of the pathogen. They are still capable of causing infection, especially in immunocompromised patients.
What are some examples of live attenuated vaccines?
MMR (contains all 3 weakened viruses), BCG (contains a weakened version of TB), chickenpox (contains a weakened version of VZV), nasal influenza vaccine (not the infection), rotavirus vaccine.
What are toxin vaccines?
These contain a toxin that is normally produced by a pathogen. They cause immunity to the toxin and not the pathogen itself.
What are some examples of toxin vaccines?
Diphtheria, tetanus.
What is included in the 6 in 1 vaccine?
Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, haemophilus influenza type B, hepatitis B.
What’s included in the 4 in 1 vaccine?
Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and polio.
At what ages are vaccines given in the schedule?
8 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks, 1 year, yearly from age 2-8, 3 years 4 months, 12-13 years, 14 years.
What vaccines are given at 8 and 12 weeks?
8 weeks: 6 in 1 vaccine, meningococcal type B, rotavirus (oral vaccine). 12 weeks: 6 in 1 vaccine, pneumococcal (13 diff serotypes), rotavirus.
What vaccines are given at 16 weeks and 1 year?
16 weeks: 6 in 1 vaccine, meningococcal type B. 1 year: 2 in 1 (haemophilus influenza type B and meningococcal type C), pneumococcal, MMR vaccine, meningococcal type B.
What vaccine is given yearly from age 2-8?
Influenza vaccine (nasal vaccine).
What vaccines are given at 3 years 4 months?
4 in 1 (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and polio), MMR vaccine.
What vaccines are given at 12-13 and 14 years?
12-13: HPV vaccine (2 doses given 6-24 months apart). 14 years: 3 in 1 (tetanus, diphtheria, and polio), meningococcal groups A, C, W, and Y.
When is the HPV vaccine given?
To girls and boys before they become sexually active. The intention is to prevent them contracting and spreading HPV once they become sexually active.
What is the current NHS HPV vaccine called?
Gardasil.
What strains of HPV does the vaccine protect against?
Strains 6, 11, 16, and 18.
What do the different strains of HPV cause?
Strains 6 and 11 cause genital warts. Strains 16 and 18 cause cervical cancer.
Who is the BCG vaccine offered to?
Offered from birth to babies who are at a higher risk of TB, including those with relatives from high TB prevalence countries or living in urban areas with high TB rates.
