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Vaccines Flashcards

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1
Q

What disease does Hepatitis B protect against

A

Hepatitis B: viral infection leading to liver cancer or cirrhosis

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2
Q

What age is Hepatitis B given?

A

first does at 0
second dose at 1-2 months
third does 6 - 18 months
4th (final dose) at 24 months

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3
Q

What is Hepatitis B vaccine schedule?

A

3 dose series
4 doses permitted when combination of vaccine containing HepB after birth dose

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4
Q

what are key aspects of Hepatitis B?

A
  1. no treatment; lead to infection, cirrhosis, liver cancer, liver failure
  2. increase risk: IV drug user, multiple sexual partners, homosexual males and healthcare workers
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5
Q

What disease does H. influenza B (HIB) protect against

A
  1. sickle cell
  2. asplenia (no spleen)
  3. HIV infection
  4. antibody/complement deficiency syndrome
  5. cancer treatment
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6
Q

what age is H. influenza B (HIB) given?

A

<5 years or younger
>65 yrs older

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7
Q

what is the H. influenza B (HIB) schedule?

A

Age 2, 4, 5, months
12 to 15 months

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8
Q

what are the key aspects H. influenza B (HIB)?

A

can cause meningitis or pneumonia

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9
Q

What disease does rotovirus protect against?

A

Is a contagious viral illness causing severe, watery diarrhea

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10
Q

What age/schedule rotovirus?

A

Vaccine schedule
Two or 3 dose series beginning at 2 months
RotaTeq® is given in 3 doses at ages 2 months, 4 months, and 6 months
Rotarix® is given in 2 doses at ages 2 months and 4 months
The first dose of either vaccine should be given before a child is 15 weeks of age.
Children should receive all doses of rotavirus vaccine before they turn 8 months oldWhat age is rotovirus given

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11
Q

what are the key aspects of rotovirus?

A

-Leading cause of childhood death worldwide
-vaccine given orally
-live vaccine

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12
Q

what disease does PCV-13 (Prevnar) protect against?

A

Protects against 13 types of pneumococcal bacteria and ear infections

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13
Q

What age/schedule is PCV-13 (Prevnar) given

A

Children at 2, 4, 6, and 12 through 15 months old (four dose series)
Children 6 to 17 years: single dose
Adults, if needed only get a single dose.

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14
Q

what are the key aspects of PCV-13 (Prevnar)?

A

Recommended for:
All children younger than 2 years old
People 2 years or older with certain medical conditions
Adults 65 years or older also can discuss and decide, with their clinician, to get PCV13.

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15
Q

what disease does the polio vaccine protect against?

A

Poliomyelitis

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16
Q

what age/schedule is the polio vaccine given?

A

For children starting at 2 months, 4 months, 6 through 18 months old, and 4 - 6 years old.
Adults at increased risk of exposure to poliovirus and who have previously completed the vaccine series can receive one lifetime booster dose.

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17
Q

what are they key aspects of polio vaccine?

A

Most feared childhood communicable disease dring the 1950’s
-Oral vaccine dosing no longer available in the US
-by 1979, disease basically eliminated in US

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18
Q

what disease does MMR protect against?

A

Measles, Mumps, Rubella

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19
Q

what age is MMR given

A

starting at 12 to 15 months till 4 to 6 yrs of age

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20
Q

what is the MMR vaccine schedule?

A

2 series dose
first: 12 to 15 months
second: 4 to 6 years

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21
Q

what are the key aspects of MMR?

A

MMRV (with varicella) given to children 12 months to 12 years

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22
Q

What disease does Varicella protect against?

A

chicken pox

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23
Q

what age is Varicella given

A

age 12-15 months
and 4 to 6 years

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24
Q

what is the varicella vaccine schedule

Study These Flashcards
A

2 dose series
first: 12 to 15 months
second: 4 to 6 years

25
what are key aspects of varicella
Adolescents/adults can receive 2 dose series 4-6 wks apart live attenuated vaccine highly contagious caused by varicella-zoster virus given with MMR
26
what disease does Tdap protect against
Diptheria, Tetanus, Pertussis (Whooping cough)
27
what age is Tdap given
For preteens: 11-12 years For pregnant women: During 27-36th week of each pregnancy For Adults: Anytime
28
what are key aspects of Tdap
Certain types of cancers and infections- 13 strains that cause cancer Gardasil protects agains 9 strains
29
what does HPV Vaccine (9) protect against
to prevent certain types of cancer and infections
30
what age is HPV Vaccine (9) given
starting at 11-12 months may be as early as 9 need to be complete before 15
31
what is the HPV Vaccine (9) schedule
2-3 dose series
32
what are key aspects of HPV Vaccine (9)
13 strains of HPV causing cancer Three FDA approved vaccines: 1. gardasil 2. cervarix 3. gardasil 9 (US protect against 9 strains) DON"T GIVE TO PREGNANT women
33
what does Meningitis B protect again
Disease caused by the bacteria Neisseria meningitidis. -Vaccine used to prevent infection caused by serogroup B meningococcal bacteria
34
what age is Meningitis B given
-May be given at age 10, with a booster dose at 16 years old -Recommended for 19 -23 years old; 2-3 dose series depending on vaccine and indication -Adults who are at increased risk for meningococcal disease
35
what are key aspects of Meningitis B
Spread through: -Respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. -Live on things the infected person has touched. -Through kissing, or sharing a drinking/food with an infected person
36
what disease does MCV04 (ACYW) protect against
Serogroups A, C, W, and Y cause most meningococcal disease.
37
what age is MCV04 (ACYW) given
Two doses series for adolescents 11 through 18 years of age: - the first dose at 11 or 12 years of age - with a booster dose at age16
38
what are key aspects of MCV04 (ACYW)
-Have a rare immune disorder called complement component deficiency -Are part of a population identified to be at increased risk for disease outbreak College freshman living in dormitories Military recruits
39
what disease does RZV (shingles) protect against
Varicella-zoster virus in people who have had chickenpox
40
what age is RZV (shingles) given
2 dose series 2 to 6 months apart for adults >50 years of age
41
what are key aspects of RZV (shingles)
Is a painful rash that occurs in people who have had chickenpox: -Lies dormant just outside spinal cord -Reactivation of virus Transmission via airborne droplets or direct contact with open blisters
42
what disease does PPSV 23 protect from
pneumococcal disease, which can cause pneumonia, meningitis, bacteremia, ear infections, and sinus infections
43
what age is PPSV 23 given
All adults 65 years or older People 2 through 64 years old with certain medical conditions Adults 19 through 64 years old who smoke cigarettes. Vaccine schedule: All adults: 1-2 doses, depending on indications Adults 65 years of age or older: 1 dose
44
what disease does influenza vaccine protect against
Influenza type A, B, C
45
what age is influenza vaccine given
6 months or older
46
what is the influenza vaccine schedule
yearly due to new strain
47
what are the key aspects of influenza vaccine
1. highly contagious 2. spread through respiratory droplet 3. cautious with egg allergies
48
what disease does Hepatitis A protect against
Hepatitis A (liver disease)
49
what age is Hepatitis A given
international travelers 12 and 18 month children
50
what is the Hepatitis A schedule
2 dose series
51
what are key aspects of Hepatitis A
contracted from fecal-oral route (contamination of drinking water/milk, shellfish) intubation period of 14-28 days lead to acute fulminate liver and death
52
what is herd immunity (community immunity)
the herd has had disease survived or vaccinated 2. decrease risk of contracting disease most of the population immune and spread of contagious disease is contained
53
what is acquired immunity
immune response to an antigen produced by own immune system develop/immunologic responses (long lasting, development of memory cells) acquired from immunization (artificial) or surviving (active
54
what is passive immunity
1. protection of antibodies 2. administered by injection 3. fast working/short term a. no memory cells developed b. works for some infectious disease only 4. artificial passive from injected antibodies 5. transferred one to another source
55
what is passive immunity provided by
blood product immunoglobulin anti-toxins certain monoclonal antibodies
56
what is passive immunity in mother babe
through placenta/breast milk IgG for 3-6 month protection
57
what are the role of boosters
1. stimulate immune antigen memory (give/keep full immunity, long lasting immunity 2.
58
what is the patho of vaccines

Pharmacology (7 decks)

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