validity and reliability of diagnosis

Question 1

construct validity

Answer 1

do the symptoms in the dsm match up with the symptoms of your patient - your symptoms should match those listed for the illness you are diagnosed with

Question 2

concurrent validity

Answer 2

two seperate test/measures give the same diagnosis

Question 3

predictive validity

Answer 3

we can suggest how your illness will progress and or give medication for your illness

Question 4

aetiological validity

Answer 4

your characteristics match up to what we expect about that illness

Question 5

test-retest reliability

Answer 5

you get the same diagnosis again when rediagnosed

Question 6

inter-rater reliability

Answer 6

two different doctors give the same diagnosis

Question 7

other factors affecting validity and reliability 7

Answer 7

• patients may lie due to embarrassment
• updates dsm and icd may impact what you are diagnosed with
• some illnesses overlap
• dsm and icd differences may lead to different diagnosis
• standardised symptoms should improve v+r
• bias due to race or gender
• if a classification system is not reliable it cannot be a valid measure of mental disorder

Question 8

studies that show diagnosis is reliable and valid

Answer 8

rosenhan shows dsm is reliable as all but 1 p was diagnosed with same diagnosis -> inter-rater reliability
lee adhd in korea looked at concurrent validity between 2 methods -> high concurrent validity
Sakobsen found icd 10 diagnosis showed 87% predictive value when diagnosing sz -> predictive validity

Question 9

studies that show diagnosis isn’t reliable and valid

Answer 9

rosenhan not all ps got same diagnosis -> low inter-rater reliability
regier found reliability of sz diagnosis in dsm 4 was 0.28 -> low inter-rater reliability
nicholls found if icd 10 was used it was found to only a 36% agreement for eating disorders