values of liberalism (done)

Question 1

what is a liberal perspective for society

Answer 1

government should always reflect the will of the people as long as it doesn’t contravene the will of others

Question 2

what has the most effect on a persons perspective of society

Answer 2

their system of beliefs and values

Question 3

what is the value of liberalism

Answer 3

• individual will is important
• letting people make their decisions will improve society
• human rights are important

Question 4

does liberal democracy employ direct democracy

Answer 4

no, it is a representative democracy

Question 5

representative democracy

Answer 5

citizens vote and elect a person to represent them in democracy

Question 6

when is the only time that citizens partake in a direct democracy

Answer 6

when the government calls to vote for a referendum

Question 7

frequent critic of a representative democracy

Answer 7

often results in a simple majority rule

Question 8

whats a simple majority rule

Answer 8

when a party has more than half the seat in the legislature or the parliament

Question 9

how do majority seating take into account minority

Answer 9

by consensus decision-making

Question 10

whats a downside to consensus decision-making

Answer 10

causes delays due to debating, and passing laws on all three levels of the government

Question 11

what is a totalitarianism

Answer 11

• a government where liberalism is not at all valued- the opposite of liberalism
• decided by the government on all levels
• no free speech, results in punishment on extremist levels
• no consensus
• does not respect citizens

Question 12

what is the greatest contrast between liberalism and collectivism

Answer 12

their economies: liberalism is more free market than command

Question 13

command economy

Answer 13

• led by the government
• resources are allocated not bought
• collectivism

Question 14

what is a free market economy

Answer 14

• vulnerable to boom (good) and bust (bad)
• individualism
• supply and demand

Question 15

command vs free market

Answer 15

command may be more stable due to government control, they also have less economic disparity (gap between the rich and poor)

Question 16

cons to command economy

Answer 16

reduce or limit peoples initiatives because everything is provided by the state

Question 17

cons to free market economy

Answer 17

economic disparity and vulnerability; instability

Question 18

what is a liberalism characteristic that leans towards collectivism

Answer 18

there are laws that allows the government to suspend civil liberties during period of crisis (canada’s war measures act), but this is unpopular (governments must still follow the constintution)

Question 19

how does a liberalist economy work

Answer 19

mixed economy: mix of free market and command economy values– capitalist with limited government control

Question 20

mixed economy

Answer 20

• provides social programs or other initiatives to soften bust periods
• provides a safety net

Question 21

true or false: liberalist democracies ALWAYS adhere to liberal values

Answer 21

false, often human rights are abused regardless of the society (as depicted in canada)

Question 22

how do we prevent going against liberalist ideals

Answer 22

by learning from history’s past

Question 23

what are two huge events that reminds us to follow liberalism

Answer 23

• residential schools
• internment camps

Question 24

residential schools

Answer 24

in the 19th century, western-european culture was imposed on Aboriginals, assimilating them. residential schools took away rights, culture and identity form Aboriginals, separating children from their families.

Question 25

internment camps

Answer 25

- wwi when canadians of ukrainian descent were treated as enemy aliens, detained and forced to work as labourers - wwii when canadians of japanese descent were considered a threat to national security and imprisoned; this was after the japanese attack on pearl harbour

Question 26

canadian charter of rights and freedoms

Answer 26

part of canada's constitution formed in 1982. guarantees individual rights and freedoms which is essential in liberal ideology

Question 27

who has the final authority over the charter

Answer 27

the supreme court of justice

Question 28

fundamental freedoms

Answer 28

freedom of thought, religion, association, etc.

Question 29

democratic rights

Answer 29

right to vote, right to periodic elections, etc.

Question 30

mobility rights

Answer 30

right to move between canada's provinces and territories

Question 31

legal rights

Answer 31

right to privacy, protection from cruel and unusual punishment, etc.

Question 32

equality rights

Answer 32

affirmation that all citizens are equal under the law

Question 33

other rights

Answer 33

language rights, multiculturalism, aboriginal treaty rights, etc.

Question 34

notwithstanding clause

Answer 34

- allows a provincial legislature to pass laws that may violate certain sections of the charter - gives provinces more say in their own affairs - only applicable to fundamental freedoms, legal rights, and equality rights

Question 35

quebec charter of human rights and freedoms

Answer 35

- quebec's government didnt approve of the constitution act of 1982, and developed their own bill of rights and freedoms: the quebec charter of human rights and freedoms - extends to economic and social rights whereas canada's charter covers civil and political rights - 1976 - canada's charter takes precedent even though quebec did not approve

Question 36

war measures act

Answer 36

- act that allows the government to suspend basic liberties of canadian in the name of national security - only used three times: wwi, wwii for internment camps, and during the october crisis - replaced by the emergencies act in 1988 but any action must fall within the charter and must be reviewed by the parliament

Question 37

usa patriot act

Answer 37

- after the 9/11 attack by al-Qaida us declared a war on terrorism which increased the government power and law enforcements right to search - controversial because it contravened civil liberties

Question 38

viability to liberalism

Answer 38

- sometimes the values of liberalism is challenge, especially not due to globalization and interdependence of the world - some countries are growing prosperous while poverty arises in others - prosperity is also causing environmental degradation - the way people live poses challenges to liberalism viability: racism, injustices, spread of diseases