valvular diseases only Flashcards
(26 cards)
explain AS
systole–
narrowing of aorta restricting blood flow out causing hypertrophy of LV
murmur heard in AS
- pulsus parvus/tardus
- crescendo-decrescendo
- crisp high pitch
etiology of AS
- congenital
- rheumatic–> tissue inflam
- degeneration–> calcification
explain shift of curve in AS
shift to the left do to compliance (from LV) decreasing
- higher contractility,
- inc Afterload on ventricle
concentric hypertrophy signifies
AS
a valve decrease to 0.8 signifies
AS
a wave on LA pressure signifies
AS
explain mitral regurgitation
systolic-
mitral valve is leaky thus causing a back flow during systole to the LA
murmur heard in MR
holosystolic high pitched regurgitant murmur
cardinal signs in AS
CP (5yrs) Syncope (3yrs) HF (2yrs)
common signs and symptoms of MR
dyspnea, fatigue, palpitations
SOB, orthopnea, shock
-pulm edema
-CP in CAD pts
explain aortic regurgitation
diastolic-
leaking of aortic valve so ventricle gets filling from BOTH aorta and LA
signs and sx of AR
chronic- latent acute- so sudden barely any sx to detect -- Mainly from trauma -sob
cardinal signs of AR
- large LV
- dilated large aorta
- inc. SV
- dec. contractility
- WIDE pulse pressure 120/40=80*
- diastolic murmur
what is the murmur heard in AR
diastolic rumble- Austin Flint murmur
explain what is occurring in MS
diastolic-
narrowing of mitral valve thus causing a back flow from LA, less filling in ventricles aka dec preload
what is the murmur heard in MS
late, low pitch diastolic rumble with rales, opening snap
eccentric hypertrophy
AR
no true isovolumic period exists (aka relax/contracting period exists)
AR
elevated plum venous pressure with elevated RIGHT sided pressures indicative of
MS
thick chordae and SMALL LV
MS
low preload thus low SV is seen in
MS
most common etiology in MS
rheumatic
then calcific, congenital and collagen
a valve decrease <1.0 cm
MS
