Variation Flashcards
(16 cards)
What is inter specific?
Differences between different species
What is intraspecific variation?
Differences within a species
What 4 things cause variation?
- environment
- meiosis
- fusion of gametes
- mutation
What is discontinuous variation?
A characteristic controlled by genes, discrete groups, no range between results, not affected by environment
What is continuous variation?
Where there’s a whole range of results due to genes and environment
What is sampling bias?
Investigators making unrepresentative choices, either deliberately or by accident
What is sampling chance?
Even if not biased, by pure chance unrepresentative choices may have still been made
How is random sampling done?
Divide the study area into a grid, create a random number generator and obtain a series of coordinates to follow
How do we minimise chance from the sampling process?
Using a large sample size to decrease the probability of chance influencing it. Also, the data can be analysed after using statistical tests so we know how chance may have affected the data
What causes variation?
Genetic differences and environmental influences
What does genetic variation arise as a result of?
Mutations, meiosis and fusion of gametes
What one way can asexually reproducing organisms become varied?
By mutations
What happens to conclusions made about variation (genetically and environmentally)
It is difficult to draw any kind of conclusion so any case should be treated tentatively and with caution
What is standard deviation?
A measure of the width of the curve, gives indication of the range values either side of the mean.
I.e how wide spread the data is
What is a normal distribution curve?
Bell-shaped curve which provides info on mean an standard deviation
What is random sampling?
Eliminating any human involvement in choosing samples
