Variation & Evolution

Question 1

variation

Answer 1

differences in the characteristics of individuals in a population

Question 2

interspecific

Answer 2

differences across species

Question 3

intraspecific

Answer 3

differences within species

Question 4

evolution

Answer 4

a change in the inherited characteristics of a population natural selection

Question 5

what is required for evolution?

Answer 5

• variation
• selection
• time

Question 6

animalia
(cell type, cell number, cell wall, nutrition, movement)

Answer 6

eukaryote
multicellular
no cell wall
heterotrophic
yes movement

Question 7

Plantae
(cell type, cell number, cell wall, nutrition, movement)

Answer 7

eukaryote
multicellular
cell wall
phototrophic
no movement

Question 8

fungi
(cell type, cell number, cell wall, nutrition, movement)

Answer 8

eukaryote
multicellular
cell wall
heterotrophic
no movement

Question 9

protist
(cell type, cell number, cell wall, nutrition, movement)

Answer 9

eukaryote
single cellular
sometimes has cell wall
both heterotrophic and phototrophic
sometimes moves

Question 10

prokaryota
(cell type, cell number, cell wall, nutrition, movement)

Answer 10

prokaryote
single cellular
cell wall
both heterotrophic and phototrophic
yes movement

Question 11

classification order

Answer 11

kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species

Question 12

selective breeding

Answer 12

process of breeding organisms with the desired characteristics

Question 13

problems with selective breeding

Answer 13

• inbreeding depression
• more likely to suffer from genetic conditions

Question 14

what did Lamarck come up with?

Answer 14

acquired characteristics

Question 15

what did Wallace come up with?

Answer 15

• warning colouration (through natural selection)
  leading to idea of mimicry

Question 16

what did Woese come up with?

Answer 16

• eukarya
• bacteria
• archaea

Question 17

what leads to speciation?

Answer 17

1) population becomes geog isolated
2) exposed to diff env conditions
3) mutation => variation
4) natural selection
5) new population changes so much it can no longer interbreed with old pop

Question 18

how is evolution involved in antibiotic resistance

Answer 18

random mutation => variation => natural selection

Question 19

how was traditional plant breeding done

Answer 19

paint brushing

Question 20

embryo transfer

Answer 20

female artificially inseminated, embryos split and implanted into surrogate animal

Question 21

adult cell cloning

Answer 21

nucleus removed of adult body cell, and fused with empty ovum with mild shock
and implanted into surrogate cow.