Vascular diseases

Question 1

” Champagne bottle appearance “ is typical sign for ?

Answer 1

Lipodermatosclerosis.

Question 2

What are the surroundings of venous ulcer?

Answer 2

• Lipodermatosclerosis.
• Dermatitis.
• Atrophic blanche.
• Pigmentation.

Question 3

Phenomenon of pathergy is ?

Answer 3

a minor truma leads to the development of skin lesions or ulcers that may be resistant to healing.

Question 4

Pyoderma gangrenosum characteristics?

Answer 4

• PAINFUL, irregular, blue-red ulcer with UNDERMINED BORDERS.
• Superficial hemorrhagic painful pustule or nodule surrounded by erythematous halo.
• Phenomenon of PTAHERGY.

Question 5

What malignancy can arise in a long-standing Venous ulcer ?

Answer 5

• SCC.

Question 6

TTT for Pyoderma gangrenosum ?

Answer 6

• treat underlying disease.
• Systemic ttt: GCS, sulfasalazine, sulfones, cyclosporine, infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab.
• Topical: tacrolimus, intralesional triamcinolone.

Question 7

To confirm the diagnosis of allergic vasculitis (hyperergic purpura) one can perform ?

Answer 7

Histopathology and direct immunofluoresence.

Question 8

What are the surroundings of Arterial ulcer ?

Answer 8

Atrophic, shiny skin

Question 9

What are the most common associated systemic disease with Pyoderma gangrenosum.?

Answer 9

• IBD.
• Polyarthritis.
• Hematologic disorder.

Question 10

Typical for Leucocytoclastic vasculitis?

Answer 10

• Small vessels destruction.
• Palpable purpura.
• Often appears after infection.
• Lower leg involvement.

Question 11

Henoch-Schoenlein purpura ?

Answer 11

• Specific type of hypersensitivity vasculitis associated with “IgA” deposits in the skin.
• Palpable purpura.
• Renal diseases.

Question 12

Chronic ulcerative neutrophilic dermatosis diseases with 50% association with systemic diseases ?

Answer 12

Pyoderma gangrenosum.

• There is no single diagnostic test!!

Question 13

Typical locations for venous ulcer and Arterial ulcer ?

Answer 13

• Venous ulcer: malleolus medialis.

- Arterial ulcer:malleolus lateralis.

Question 14

What is the most common chronic wounds in human ?

Answer 14

• Venous ulcer. ( mostly over malleolus medialis )

Question 15

What are the common causes of leukocytoclastic vasculitis?

Answer 15

• Inflammatory disorders.

- Malignancies.

Question 16

What are the histologic characteristics of cutaneous small vessels vasculitis process ?

Answer 16

• Perivascular infiltrates with neutrophils.
• Karyorrhexis. (is the destructive fragmentation of the nucleus of a dying cell whereby its chromatin is distributed irregularly throughout the cytoplasm.)
• Erythrocyte extravastion.

Question 17

What are the common causes of hypersensitivity vasculitis ?

Answer 17

• Up to 50% idiopathic.
• Infections.
• Medications.
• Inflammatory disorders.
• Malignancies.