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Nurs 230 Final > Vascular Disorders > Flashcards

Vascular Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Peripheral artery disease
What it is

A

Narrowed vessels from atherosclerosis

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2
Q

PAD RF

A

Smoking
DM
HTN
High cholesterol
age >60

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3
Q

PAD clinical manifestations

A

Hallmark: intermittent claudication
*pain in leg

Rest pain occurs
Keep legs lowered
COLD SKIN
Unhealthy skin
Hair loss
Decreased/absent pedal/popliteal/femoral pulses
Elevated pallor when foot is elevated

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4
Q

PAD complications

A

Atrophy of skin/muscle
Nonhealing wounds (gangrene)

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5
Q

PAD diagnostic studies

A

Arterial doppler: ultrasound

ABI (ankle brachial index)
*ankleSBP/brachial SBP

Angiography:
*inject dye see if there is a block (like a cardiac cath)

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6
Q

Management of PAD

A

First line is to reduce CVD risks: smoking cessation

Exercise
Diet: high protein (HH)
Control BP/DM/hyperlipidemia

Protect limbs
Foot care

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7
Q

Meds for PAD

A

ASA and maybe add clopidogrel if high risk

Intermittent claudication:
Cilostazol
Pentoxifyline

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8
Q

PAD surgical management

A

Stent placement

Amputation if too bad

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9
Q

Postop management

A

Perfusion assesments

Ambulation

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10
Q

Chronic venous insufficiency

Clinical manifestations

A

Leathery skin
Color change
Edema
Pruritus
Venous ulcers

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11
Q

Management of chronic venous insufficiency

A

Compression (check perfusion first)

Elevate legs

Daily walking

Diet: high in protein

Skin care

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12
Q

Thromboanginitis obliterans (Buergers disease)

A

Nonatherosclerotic inflammatory disorder of vessels in fingers and toes

Associated with long h/o: tabacco and marijuana
smoking cessation-no nicotine replacement

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13
Q

Raynauds phenomenon
What it is
Who is common
Triggers

A

Vasospasms in fingers and toes

Common women 15-40

Triggers:
Cold
Stress
Tabacco
Caffeine

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14
Q

Raynauds pt education

A

Prevent triggers
Warm water

Vasodilators:
Ca channel blockers
Topical nitroglycerin

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15
Q

VENOUS THROMBOSIS

A

Blood clot and vein inflammation

Superficial vs deep

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16
Q

Venous thromboembolism
Virchows triad

A

Venous stasis

Endothelial damage

Hypercoagulability (preg)

17
Q

Venous thromboembolism
S/s
Diagnosis

A

Unilateral edema
Pain
Warmth
Fever

Diagnosis: venous ultrasound

18
Q

VTE management
Prevention
Asses for what
Limit what
Do not do what

A

Prevention: scd, ambulation, hydrate

Tx: anticoagulants

Assess: PE

Limit activity

Do not massage calf

19
Q

Superficial vein thrombosis

A

Palpable cordlike vein

Edema

Itchy,red,warm

Mild fever

20
Q

Superficial vein thrombosis
Diagnosis
Tx: mild vs severe

A

Ultra sound to diagnose

Mild tx: NSAIDS

Severe: anticoagulants

Nurs 230 Final (6 decks)

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