Vasoactive Flashcards
(29 cards)
How does Lasix work?
It inhibits sodium and potassium ion reabsorption in the loop of Henle
What is Atorvastatin?
It is an HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor that is used for high cholesterol
How does amiodarone work?
It blocks potassium channels and prolong repolarization increasing the refractory period and stopping re-entry
Name an angiotensin receptor blocker.
Losartan, Candesartan, Irbesartan, Telmisartan, Valsartan
How does Warfarin work?
Vitamin K antagonist
How does Heparin work?
Enhances the activity of antithrombin III
How does Dabigatran work?
Works by directly binding to thrombin, an enzyme that plays a central role in the blood clotting process
How do Rivaroxaban and Apixaban work?
Works by targeting and inhibiting factor Xa in the coagulation cascade
How does tPA work?
Converts plasminogen into plasmin, an enzyme that breaks down fibrin
How does Aspirin work as an platelet aggregate inhibitor?
It inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX), which reduces the production of thromboxane A2
How does Plavix work?
It is an ADP receptor inhibitor and prevents ADP from activating platelets
How does Abciximab work?
It blocks the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor on platelets, inhibiting platelet aggregation
How does Tranexamic Acid work?
Inhibit the activation of plasminogen to plasmin, an enzyme that breaks down fibrin clots
How do diuretics work to lower blood pressure?
They alter the balance of sodium and water in the vasculature
What is the mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors?
They inhibit the enzyme to prevent the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
What is the antidote for a Warfarin overdose?
Vitamin K
How does Prazosin work?
They are an alpha 1 blocker and promote vasodilation to lower blood pressure
How do thiazide diuretics work?
They inhibit the sodium-potassium cotransporter in the distal convoluted tubule
What is Mannitol used to manage?
Reducing intracranial pressure or treating acute kidney failure
How does Mannitol work?
It increases the osmolarity of blood and renal filtrate, drawing water into the urine
Where do Methyldopa and Clonidine work?
They both work on alpha
receptors in the CNS to reduce
sympathetic outflow
Clonidine and Methyldopa are both alpha 2 adrenergic agonists. What makes them different?
Methyldopa is a prodrug
How are Prazosin and Terazosin classified?
They are alpha blockers
Why is hydralazine paired with a beta blocker?
It causes sympathetic
stimulation, so tachycardia is a
side effect
