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SHPCPJEN2 > VaxSH1 > Flashcards

VaxSH1 Flashcards

1
Q

All vaccines can be given on same day however

A

Separate if you want to separate live vax must separate by 28 days

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2
Q

Influenza

A

Everyone ≥ 6 months old

IIV : inactivated influenza vaccine

TIV: trivalent vaccine

RIV4 : quadrivalent

FLuzone HD / FLuad ≥ 65

Recombinant influenza vaccine : RIV4

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3
Q

LAIV4

A

Live attenuated influenza vaccine

Approved for ages 2- 49

Preservative free

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4
Q

Optimal administration

A

No later than the end of October
Abs develop in about 2 weeks

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5
Q

In general not live vax is IM

A

T

If live generally is subq

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6
Q

If 6 months to 8 years/old

A

If previously unvaccinated, should receive 2 doses separated by ≥ 4 weeks then once yearly

Adults and kids > 8 y/o : 0.5 mL IM once yearly

After 8 y/o just one dose

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7
Q

When is the 3rd trimester?

A

27 to 38 weeks

You want to give Tdap in 3rd trimester to protect infant from pertussis

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8
Q

MMR

A

Live ( SUB Q 5/8th inch 23-25 gage
Fridge or freezer ( only vax fridge or freezer )

Measles: spots in mouth rash cough fever
Mumps: salivary glands enlargement and/or testicles

Rubella: German measles
May cause abortion, stillbirth or birth defects

Give at 1 years old. No earlier. 2 doses 2nd dose at 4 to 6 y/o

2 doses 28 days apart

Contraindications: pregnant, immunocompromised, neomycin/gelatin allergy

If HIV+ if CD4 count is 300 you can give MMR. Yes. If CD4 count is <200 ( AIDS ) cannot give MMR. If > 200 then yes

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9
Q

ProQuad

A

MMR & Varicella combo

Varicella is only in freezer therefore this powder is in freezer

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10
Q

Polio and ppsv23

A

Can be given SubQ and IM. Most just give IM

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11
Q

IPOL - what allergies do we worry about?

A

Neomycin

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12
Q

Neomycin and gelatin allergy

A

Varicella and MMR

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13
Q

Neomycin allergy

A

Varicella, MMR , and IPOL

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14
Q

Kinrix/ quadracel

A

Combo vax

DTaP- IPOL

4- 6 y/o

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15
Q

Haemophilus influenza type b ( Hib)

A

Vax to prevent 1) meningitis 2) pneumonia 3) epiglottitis ( severe airway infection in the larynx )

2 months to 5 years

And adults who are not vaccinated and are at high risk ( asplenia, sickle cell, stem cell transplant, or planned splenectomy

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16
Q

ActiHIB, Hiberix, PedvaxHIB

A

HIB

PedvaxHIb is 2 doses , others are 4

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17
Q

Meningococcal vaccine

A

College freshman : close quarters:

CONJUGATED VACCINES:
MCV-4 : conjugated. 4 for 4 valents. MEN A C Y W
•Menveo : 2 months to 55 years
- 4 doses start @ 2 months, 2 doses if 7-23 months and 1 single dose if 2 y/o to 55 years old

• Menactra 9 months to 55 years
2022 Now D/C and they have now released MenQuadfi ≥ 2 y/o single dose ( give the college freshman this one dose ) if still in dorms then every 3 to 5 years

•Trumenba/ Bexero : MenB
Only protects against meningitis B. Not a replacement for MenACWY. Used for high risk patients asplenia

ACIP: all adolescents aged 11-18 years first shot Men ACWY
High risk patients then 2 month and older

High risk: asplenia, sickle cell, HIV, etc

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18
Q

Gardasil

A

Ages 9- 45 FDA approval
CDC: says 11 to 26; 27 to 45 is a shared clinical decision.

If you get it from 9 to14 only need 2 doses. 6 to 12 months apart. Earlier the better it works

Age 15-45 now you need to 3 doses ( 0, 2, 6 ) [ recall hep B was 0, 1, 6 )

19
Q

Shingrix

A

RZV

Recombinant zoster vaccine ( 2 doses 2-6 months 2nd)

Ages 50 and above.

If immunocompromised ≥ 18 y/o

Use immediately after reconstitution or refrigerate for 6 hours and use within that time

Can you pass shingle to someone else? No but you can pass chicken pox to someone else

20
Q

Rotavirus

A

Most common cause of viral Gastroenteritis in young children usually ages 6 months to 2 years old

RV1: live vaccine. Oral vaccine. : ROTARIX. 2 dose series completed by 6 months.

RV5: live vaccine. Oral. ROTATeq. 3 doses.

Oral. Refrigerated. Live. After reconstitution good for 24 hours.

21
Q

Ixiaro

A

Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine
JEV: mosquito borne flavivirus.
These are in NON- URBAN areas in Asia.

2 doses IM 28 days apart

ACIP : only recommends travelers try to reduce mosquito bites. JE-VC is not recommended for short term travelers whose visit will be restricted to urban areas.

22
Q

Typhoid vaccine

A

Caused by bacteria salmonella typhi
Not needed in US.

2 vaccines
1) inactivated ( killed ) IM Typphim Vi:

2) live attenuated ( weakened ) : 4 doses q other day ( VIVOTIF Berna)
- for patients ≥ 6 years old
- complete at least 1 week prior to exposure.
- may consider revaccination every 5 year in high risk patients
* take 1 hour before a meal or 2 hours after a meal. With cold or lukewarm water

23
Q

Yellow Fever

A

YF-VAX— LIVE ( attenuated ) —- SUBQ

Travelers vaccine: tropical regions of South America and Africa

Transmitted through mosquitos.

Avoid egg allergy!! : never give with egg allergy
Avoid in pregnant and thymus disease

24
Q

Rabies

A

What animal carries the most rabies? Bats.

Pre-exposure prophylaxis: RabAvert, Imovax rabies
2 doses. Day 0 and day 7 1 mL per dose

Post exposure: rabies immune globulin - HRIG ( Kedrab ) ( passive immunization ) and then vaccinate w/ 4- 5 doses over 14 - 28 days

25
Q

TwinRix

A

Hep A + B

> 18 y/o

26
Q

ProQuad

A

MMR + Varicella

Must be in freezer

SubQ live vax

We start at age 1 2nd dose 4 - 6 years old

27
Q

Kinrix/ Quadracel

A

DTap + IPV

28
Q

Pediarix

A

DTaP + Hepatitis B + IPV

29
Q

Pentacel

A

DTaP + IPV + Hib

30
Q
A
31
Q
A
32
Q

Avoid live vax if patient on

A

Chemo, immune modulators

33
Q

If patient on chemo how long after can they have a live vaccine?

A

3 months after stopping chemotherapy

34
Q

If patient on immune modulator ( remicade, Enbrel ) or high dose corticosteroid ( ≥ 20 mg of prednisone daily for 14 days or longer ) how long do they have to wait before they can have a live vaccine?

A

1 month

35
Q

Post Splenectomy ( asplenia ) or sickle cell disease

A

If you dont have a spleen you must be protected from encapsulated organisms.

The only clearance of bacteria with capsular polysaccharides from the bloodstream is by the spleen. Asplenic / splenectomy / sickle cell patients should be vaccinated to reduce risk of overwhelming post splenectomy sepsis ( OPSS ) due to
*encapsulated organisms :1 ) streptococcus pneumonia ( pneumococcus ) - pneumococcal vaccine
2) Haemophilus influenzae type B ( Hib) - Hib vaccines
3) Neisseria meningitidis ( Meningococcus ) - meningococcal vaccine

36
Q

Travelers

A

hep A/ B
Meningococcal
Typhoid
Yellow Fever
Japanese encephalitis

37
Q

Freezer temp range?

A

-58° F ( -50°C ) to 5 ° F ( -15° C )

38
Q

Fridge temp range?

A

36°F ( 2° C ) to 46° F ( 8° C )

39
Q

When to give pregnant patients Tdap?

A

3rd trimester
27 to 36 weeks of gestation

40
Q

All patients less than 60 years old should get hepatitis B vax?

A

T

41
Q

VAERS

A

Vaccine adverse events reporting system

42
Q

COVID

A

mRNA : mod/ pfi

Adenovirus vector vacccines: janssen

43
Q

HIV life cycle

A

CD4 a type of T lymphocyte and T lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell. HIV virus is a single stranded RNA virus. Has a viral envelope. Also has 2 surface markers ( it uses to bind CD4 host cell.

The 2 markers: glycoprotein 41 ( gp41) and gp 120

Host cell receptor CD4 and CCR5

44
Q

First process is entry

A

Binding and fusion

During binding: gp41 and gp120 bind

SHPCPJEN2 (26 decks)

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