VECTORS IN 2D

Question 1

what is a scalar?

Answer 1

a physical quantity that has only magnitude

Question 2

examples of a scalar

Answer 2

1. mass, time, distance
2. volume
3. energy, work
4. power
5. electric current
6. electrical potential difference
7. coefficient of friction

Question 3

what is a vector?

Answer 3

a physical quantity that has magnitude and direction

Question 4

in a vector what does the length of the arrow represent?

Answer 4

magnitude of the vector

Question 5

in a vector what does the arrowhead indicate?

Answer 5

direction of the vector and the end of the line

Question 6

give the characteristics of a force

Answer 6

1. is a push or pull
2. is a vector
3. has a symbol f
4. is measured in newton

Question 7

2 different types of forces

Answer 7

1. contact force

2. non-contact force

Question 8

what is a non-contact force?

Answer 8

a force that acts over a distance

Question 9

examples of non-contact forces

Answer 9

1. magnetic force
2. electrostatic force
3. gravitational force

Question 10

what is a contact force?

Answer 10

when two objects are in contact with each other

Question 11

examples of a contact force

Answer 11

1. applied force
2. friction
3. normal force
4. tension
5. air friction
6. compression

Question 12

define applied force

Answer 12

when a person or object exerts a force on another force/ object

Question 13

give characteristics of applied force

Answer 13

1. is in the same line as the direction of movement

2. is at an angle to the direction of movement

Question 14

what is friction force?

Answer 14

is the force that opposes the motion of an object and is parallel to the surface

Question 15

characteristics of friction force

Answer 15

1. acts in opposite direction to the movement/attempted movement
2. acts parallel to the surface on which the object makes contact

Question 16

what is normal force?

Answer 16

the force/component of a force that a surface exerts on an object in contact with the surface, perpendicular to the surface

Question 17

characteristics of normal force

Answer 17

1. it works on the object which is resting on or against it

2. is a supporting force that is equal and opposite to the force of the object acting on the contact surface

Question 18

characteristics of tension force

Answer 18

1. when a cable/rope is being pulled, tension is being exerted on it
2. tension in the rope is constant throughout and the direction is not only in one direction
3. mass of the rope is negligible unless instructed otherwise

Question 19

what is air resistance?

Answer 19

a resistant force exerted by the collisions of air particles on a moving object and acts in the opposite direction to movement

Question 20

what is compression?

Answer 20

force exerted on a compressed spring

Question 21

2 types of diagrams used to indicate forces acting on body/object

Answer 21

1. force diagram

2. free body diagram

Question 22

2 types of friction force

Answer 22

1. static friction

2. kinetic friction

Question 23

difference between static and kinetic friction

Answer 23

static friction is only for two objects at rest relative to one another whereas kinetic friction is only for two objects in motion relative to one another

Question 24

factors affecting frictional force

Answer 24

1. normal force

2. surface type

Question 25

how does normal force affect friction force?

Answer 25

the larger the forces that the two surfaces exert on each other perpendicular to the surface, the larger the friction. frictional force is directly proportional to normal force

Question 26

how does surface type affect frictional force?

Answer 26

the rougher the surfaces, the greater the friction force between the surfaces

Question 27

the number that represents the extent to two surfaces will affect each other

Answer 27

coefficient of friction

Question 28

characteristics of the coefficient of friction

Answer 28

1. no unit cause its a factor of roughness 2. every surface has two coefficients of friction( coefficient of static friction, coefficient of kinetic friction) 3. the proportionality constant of the relationship friction is directly proportional to normal force is known as the coefficient of friction 4. static friction> kinetic friction 5. smaller the value of ''mu'', the less resistance is offered by the surface 6. value is usually less that one

Question 29

what is static friction

Answer 29

the force that counteracts the tendency of movement of a stationary object relative to a surface

Question 30

characteristics of static friction

Answer 30

1. is independent of the size of the surface 2. is dependent on the mass and weight of the object because it affects normal force 3. is dependent on the nature of surfaces in contact with each other 4. acts in opposite direction to the direction of motion of the object 5. is directly proportional to the normal force

Question 31

what is kinetic friction

Answer 31

the force that counteracts the tendency of movement of a moving object relative to a surface

Question 32

characteristics of kinetic friction

Answer 32

1. is independent of size of the contact surfaces 2. is dependent on the mass and weight of the object because this affects normal force 3. is dependent on the nature of the surfaces in contact with each other 4. acts against the direction of motion 5. is directly proportional to normal force