verbs --> verb classes Flashcards by Lisa Sofie

Q

ben

A

mi-verb

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Q

don

A

mi-verb

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Q

gon

A

mi-verb

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Q

willen

A

mi-verb

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Q

four principle parts

A

present – pret 1. & 3. ps sg – pret. 2. ps sg, plural – past participle

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Q

driven

A

strong verb, class I
[i:] + C –> [iː] –[ɔː]– [i] –[i]
driven – drof – driven – (y-)driven

also: abiden, ridan, (a)risen, shinen, writen

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Q

abiden

A

strong verb, class I
[i:] + C –> [iː] –[ɔː]– [i] –[i]

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Q

ridan

A

strong verb, class I
[i:] + C –> [iː] –[ɔː]– [i] –[i]

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Q

(a)risen

A

strong verb, class I
[i:] + C –> [iː] –[ɔː]– [i] –[i]

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Q

shinen

A

strong verb, class I
[i:] + C –> [iː] –[ɔː]– [i] –[i]

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Q

writen

A

strong verb, class I
[i:] + C –> [iː] –[ɔː]– [i] –[i]

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Q

chesen

A

strong verb, class II
[e:] + C –> [eː]– [ɛː]– [u/ɔː]– [ɔː]
chesen – ches – curen/cosen – (y-)coren/chosen

also: fresen, fleten, (for)lesen (lose)

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Q

fresen

A

strong verb, class II
[e:] + C –> [eː]– [ɛː]– [u/ɔː]– [ɔː]

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Q

fleten

A

strong verb, class II
[e:] + C –> [eː]– [ɛː]– [u/ɔː]– [ɔː]

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Q

(for)lesen

A

(lose)
strong verb, class II
[e:] + C –> [eː]– [ɛː]– [u/ɔː]– [ɔː]

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Q

binden

A

strong verb, class IIIa (long vowel)
stem closed by nasal +C –> [iː]– [ɔː]– [uː]– [uː]
binden – boond – bounden – (y-)bounden

also: climben, finden (drinken, (bi)ginnen)

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Q

climben

A

strong verb, class IIIa (long vowel)
stem closed by nasal +C –> [iː]– [ɔː]– [uː]– [uː]

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Q

finden

A

strong verb, class IIIa (long vowel)
stem closed by nasal +C –> [iː]– [ɔː]– [uː]– [uː]

Q

drinken

A

strong verb, class IIIa (short vowel)
stem closed by NC –> [i]– [a]– [u]– [u]
drink – drank – drunke – (y-)drunken

also: (bi)ginnen (finden, climben)

Q

(be)ginnen

A

strong verb, class IIIa (short vowel)
stem closed by NC –> [i]– [a]– [u]– [u]

Q

helpen

A

strong verb, class IIIb
stem closed by LC –> [e]– [a]– [u]– [ɔ]
helpen – halp – hulpen – (y-)hulpen

also: kerven, melten, sterven

Q

kerven

A

strong verb, class IIIb
stem closed by LC –> [e]– [a]– [u]– [ɔ]

Q

melten

A

strong verb, class IIIb
stem closed by LC –> [e]– [a]– [u]– [ɔ]

Q

sterven

A

strong verb, class IIIb
stem closed by LC –> [e]– [a]– [u]– [ɔ]

beren

strong verb, class IV stem closed by single L/N --> [ɛː] – [a] – [ɛː] – [ɔː] beren – bar – beren – (y-)bor(e)n also: quelen, stelen, teren (cumen/comen)

quelen

strong verb, class IV stem closed by single L/N --> [ɛː] – [a] – [ɛː] – [ɔː]

teren

strong verb, class IV stem closed by single L/N --> [ɛː] – [a] – [ɛː] – [ɔː]

stelen

strong verb, class IV stem closed by single L/N --> [ɛː] – [a] – [ɛː] – [ɔː]

cumen/comen

strong verb, class IV irregular form with nasal cumen/comen [u] – com/cam [o:/a:] – comen/camen [o:/a:] – (y-)cumen/comen [u]

quethen

strong verb, class V verb stem closed by single consonant other than N/L [ɛː] – [a] – [ɛː] – [ɛː] quethen – quath/quoth – queden – (y-)queden also: geten, geven, speken, with [i]: bidden, sitten

faren

strong verb, class VI stem usually closed by single C [aː] – [oː] – [oː] – [aː] faren – for – foren – (y-)faren also: forsaken, shaken, taken, with : standen

fallen

strong verb, class VII stem closed by 1/2 C, NHG cognates often with /i:/ in their preterites [a] – [e:] – [eː] – [a] fallen – fell – fellen – (y-)fallen also: bifallen, holden, leten

witen

know preterite-present verb

connen

know how preterite-present verb

durren

dare preterite-present verb

'shall' / OE sculan

preterite-present verb

'may, must' / OE motan

preterite-present verb

mowen

can preterite-present verb

tellen

weak verb with irregular past tense preterite stem endling in [l] tellen – tolde – (y-)told

sellen

weak verb with irregular past tense preterite stem endling in [l] sellen – solde – (y-)sold

techen

weak verb with irregular past tense preterite stem endling in [x] techen – taughte – (y-)taught

sechen/seken

weak verb with irregular past tense preterite stem endling in [x] sechen/seken – soughte – (y-)sought

bringen

weak verb with irregular past tense preterite stem endling in [x] bringen – broughte – (y-)brought