Vertebral Column

Question 1

Name the segments and number of vertebrae in the vertebral column

Answer 1

Cervical 7 Thoracic 12 Lumbar 5 Sacral 5 Coccyx 4

Question 2

When does the first natural lordosis occur?

Answer 2

3 to 4 months

Question 3

How does the size of the vertebral column progress?

Answer 3

Increase in size to S1 then a decrease in size to Cx4

Question 4

What are the two dorsal cavities?

Answer 4

Spinal and Cranial cavities

Question 5

What are the anterior cavities?

Answer 5

Thoracic and adominalpelivc cavity

Question 6

Name the natural curvature of each region of the vertebral column.

Answer 6

Cervical: lordosis Thoracic: kyphosis Lumbar: Lordosis Sacral: kyphosis

Question 7

What is the natural kyphosis experienced by a newborn baby?

Answer 7

The natural curve a baby is born with

Question 8

What makes the vertebral canal?

Answer 8

The body, pedirle and Lamellae

Question 9

What structures surround the intervertebral foramen?

Answer 9

Pedicle, body, intervertebral disc, zygapophyseal joint

Question 10

What ligament prevents compression of the spinal cord by the dens?

Answer 10

Transverse ligament of atlas

Question 11

What is unique to the cervical region?

Answer 11

Transverse foramen

Question 12

Which cervicals are typical?

Answer 12

3-6

Question 13

Which cervicals are atypical?

Answer 13

1,2,7

Question 14

What is the most important feature of the thoracic vertebra?

Answer 14

Costal facets

Question 15

What is the costosoma joint?

Answer 15

Rib head to body of vertebrae

Question 16

What is the costotransverse joint?

Answer 16

Rib tubercle to Tp of vertebrae

Question 17

What are the characteristics of the Lumbar region

Answer 17

Absence of transverse foramina Large body Mammillary and accessory processes

Question 18

What sacral part is 1 cm anterior to the body’s venter of gravity?

Answer 18

Sacral promontory

Question 19

What is the evidence of fusion of the sacral region on the posterior side?

Answer 19

Median sacral crest is the fused spinous processes

Question 20

What are the lateral sacral crest?

Answer 20

The fused transverse processes of the sacral vertebrae

Question 21

What are the zygapophyseal joints?

Answer 21

Interlocking of superior and inferior articular processes

Question 22

Define scoliosis.

Answer 22

Lateral deviation and rotation which may lead to compression/herniation of IVD

Question 23

What leads to scoliosis?

Answer 23

Asymmetry (muscle, bone) May be congenital, idiopathic or neuromuscular in causation Neuromuscular cases are NTD, cerebral palsy or 2* trauma

Question 24

What is jeffersons fracture and hanged man fracture?

Answer 24

1. Atlas fracture @ anterior or post. Arches 2. Axis fracture @ pedicle

Question 25

What breaks in a jeffersons fracture?

Answer 25

Anterior and posterior arch

Question 26

What breaks in a hanged man’s fracture?

Answer 26

Pedicle of axis (c2)

Question 27

What is Spondylolysis?

Answer 27

A defect or stress fracture in the pars interarticularis of the vertebral arch

Question 28

What is spondylolisthesis?

Answer 28

One bone in your vertebrae slides forward over the bone below it

Question 29

What vertebrae acts as the fulcrum in an automobile accident?

Answer 29

C4