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Anatomy Layne > Vertebral Column And Back Muscles > Flashcards

Vertebral Column And Back Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Distinguishing factor of all cervical vertebrae?

A

Bifid Spinous process
Transverse Foramen
Horizontal Articular Processes

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2
Q

Distinguishing factor of CV1 (Atlas)

A

Has no body or spinous process

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3
Q

Distinguishing factor of CV2 (Axis)

A

Odontoid Process

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4
Q

Distinguishing factor of CV7

A

First Spinous Process (Vertbra Prominens)

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5
Q

How many cervical vertebra are there?

A

7 cervical vertebra

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6
Q

How many Lumbar vertebrae are there?

A

5 Lumbar Vertebrae

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7
Q

How many sacral and coccygeal segments are there?

A

5 sacral and 4 coccygeal segments

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8
Q

How many thoracic vertebrae are there?

A

12 thoracic vertebrae

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9
Q

What actions are involved in the upper trap?

A

Lat flexion of head
Elevate and retract the scapula
Rotate glenoid fossa superiorly

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10
Q

What actions does the latissimus Dorsi aid in?

A

Extension, Adduction, and medial rotation of the humerus

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11
Q

What are the actions of the SPS and SPI muscles?

A

Aid in inspiration

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12
Q

What are the actions of the transversospinal muscles?

A

Rotate the body to the opposite direction
Extend the vertebral column

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13
Q

What are the actions of Rhomboid Major and Minor?

A

Retract Scap
Rotate scap to depress glenoid fossa

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14
Q

What are the actions of the erector spinae muscles?

A

Unilaterally-bend to the same side
Bilaterally-extend the vertebral column

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15
Q

What are the attachments for the Levator Scapulae?

A

Medial Border of Scapulae above the spine
Transverse Process CV1-4

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16
Q

What are the attachments for the Rhomboid Minor muscle?

A

Spinous process of CV7-TV1
Medial border of scapula

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17
Q

What are the attachments for the Rhomboid Major muscle?

A

Spinous process of TV2-TV5
Medial border of scapula

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18
Q

What are the attachments for the Serratus Posterior Inferior muscle?

A

Spinous process of TV11-LV2
Ribs 8-12

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19
Q

What are the attachments of the Serratus Posterior Superior muscle?

A

Spinous Process CV7-TV3
Ribs 2-4

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20
Q

What are the attachments for the iliocostalis muscle?

A

Iliac Crest or transverse processes
Ribs several layers higher

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21
Q

What are the attachments for the Latissimus Dorsi?

A

Thoracolumbar fascia TV6-LV5
Iliac Crest
Intertubercular groove of the Humerus

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22
Q

What are the attachments of the Longissimus muscle?

A

Spinous Process
Transverse process several level higher

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23
Q

What are the attachments for the Multifidus muscle?

A

Transverse Process
Spinous process a few levels higher

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24
Q

What are the attachments of the Rotatores muscles?

A

Transverse process
Spinous process at same or 1 level higher

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25
Q

What are the attachments for the semispinalis muscle

A

Transverse process
Spinous process several levels higher

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26
Q

What are the attachments for the spinalis muscle?

A

Spinous process of lumbar and low thoracic
Spinous process several levels higher

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27
Q

What are the attachments for the splenius muscle?

A

Spinous process CV7-TV6
Transverse Process CV1-4 or mastoid process

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28
Q

What are the attachments for the Trapezius muscle?

A

Thoracolumbar fascia
Senior nuchal line
Clavicle
Acromian and spine of scapula

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29
Q

What are the nerve innervations for the Erector Spinae muscles?

A

Dorsal Rami

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30
Q

What is the artery supply for the Trapezius muscle?

A

Transverse CV Artery

31
Q

What distinguishes lumbar vertebrae?

A

Large bodies
Block-like spinous process

32
Q

What do the spinous processes look like in thoracic vertebrae?

A

Long, sharp, oblique

33
Q

What is a distinguishing factor of articular processes in thoracic vertebrae?

A

Vertical-allows for less movement and more stable

34
Q

What is kyphosis?

A

Excessive curvature in thoracic region

35
Q

What is lordosis?

A

Excessive curvature in lumbar region

36
Q

What is lumbarization?

A

SV1 is separated of sacrum

37
Q

What is sacralization?

A

LV5 is fused to sacrum

38
Q

What is scoliosis?

A

Lateral curvature of spinal column

39
Q

What is the action of levator scapulae?

A

Elevate scapula

40
Q

What is the artery supply for erector spinae muscles?

A

Intercostal arteries

41
Q

He artery supply for levator scapulae?

A

Transverse CV artery

42
Q

What is the artery supply for Rhomboid Major and Minor?

A

Transverse CV. Artery

43
Q

What is the artery supply for splenius muscle?

A

Intercostal arteries

44
Q

What is the artery supply for SPS and SPI muscles?

A

Intercostal arteries

45
Q

What is the artery supply for the latissimus Dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal branch of subscapular artery

46
Q

What is the artery supply for the transversospinal muscles

A

Intercostal arteries

47
Q

What is the nerve innervation for levator scapulae

A

Dorsal scapular nerve C3,4

48
Q

What is the nerve innervation for splenius muscle?

A

Dorsal Rami

49
Q

What is the nerve innervation for SPS and SPI muscles?

A

Intercostal nerves

50
Q

What is the nerve innervation for the latissimus Dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal Nerve (C 6,7,8)

51
Q

What is the nerve innervation for the transversospinal muscles?

A

Dorsal Rami

52
Q

What is the nerve innervation of Rhomboid Major and Minor?

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5)

53
Q

What is the outer and inner portion of the intervertebral disc called?

A

Outer-annulus fibrosis
Inner-Nucleus Pulposus

54
Q

What is the percent of water in the nucleus pulposus at birth and at age 70

A

88% at birth; 70% at age 70

55
Q

What is the significance of the lumbar triangle?

A

Potential hernia site

56
Q

What is the triangle of auscultation used for

A

Listening to the lungs

57
Q

What landmark is used to find LV4?

A

Iliac crest

58
Q

What ligament connects the adjacent spinous processes?

A

Intraspinous ligament

59
Q

What ligament connect the adjacent laminae?

A

Ligamentum flavum

60
Q

What ligament runs the entire length of the posterior portion of the vertebral bodies?

A

Posterior longitudinal ligament

61
Q

What ligament runs the entire length of vertebral column along spinous process?

A

Supraspinous ligament

62
Q

What ligament runs the full length of the anterior portion of the vertebral column?

A

Anterior longitudinal ligament

63
Q

What makes up the lumbar triangle?

A

Medially: latissimus
Laterally: ext. oblique
Inferior: Iliac crest

64
Q

What makes up the triangle of auscultation?

A

Medially: trapezius
Laterally: scapula
Inferiorly: Latissimus

65
Q

What nerve innervates the trapezius muscle?

A

Spinal accessory N (CN XI)

66
Q

What passes through the transverse Foramen of CV!-CV6?

A

Vertebral Artery

67
Q

What structure houses the spinal nerves?

A

Intervertebral Foramen

68
Q

What three muscles make up the erector spinae?

A

Spinalis
Longissimus
Iliocostalis

69
Q

That three muscles make up the transversospinal muscles?

A

Rotatores
Multifidus
Semispinalis

70
Q

What vertebral level does the spinal cord end at in adults?

A

LV1-2

71
Q

What vertebral level does the spinal cord end at in newborns?

A

LV3, maybe 4

72
Q

How much of the body’s weight does the body of a spinal segment support?

A

75-80%

73
Q

How much of the body’s weight do the articular processes of a spinal segment support?

A

20-25%

Anatomy Layne (3 decks)

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