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Auditory Anatomy and Physiology > Vestibular System > Flashcards

Vestibular System Flashcards

1
Q

The membranous labyrinth of the vestibular system is continuous with which duct of the membranous labyrinth of the auditory system?

A

Cochlear Duct
(Scala Media)

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2
Q

What are the three main purposes of the vestibular system (think about the reflexes)

A

Sense movement
Maintain posture
Stabilize images

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3
Q

Name the structure that connects the auditory membranous labyrinth to the vestibular membranous labyrinth

A

Ductus Reuniens

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4
Q

Within the vestibular system, the membranous labyrinth is filled with ______ and is suspended in ______

A

Endolymph
Perilymph

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5
Q

Name three structures that are housed in the vestibule

A

Saccule
Utricle
Oval Window

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6
Q

The sensory organ associated with the otoliths is the _______.

A

Macula

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7
Q

The sensory organ associated with the semicircular canals is the _______.

A

Crista

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8
Q

What are the 3 co-planar pairs of the semicircular canals?

A

RALP
LARP
Horiztonal

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9
Q

The crus commune unites which of the following two vestibular structures?

A

Ampullae and Semi-Circular Canals

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10
Q

Briefly describe the role otoconia play in the response of otoliths to linear acceleration/deceleration

A

When otoconia are displaced with enough force they drag the otolithic membrane across kinocilia and stereocilia, leading to shearing action

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11
Q

Type I vestibular hair cells are __-shaped and innervated via a ______.

A

Flask
Nerve calyx

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12
Q

Type II vestibular hair cells are __-shaped and innervated via a ______.

A

Collumnar
Terminal Bouton

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13
Q

Vestibular hair cells have more ______ fibers compared to inner and outer hair cells

A

Efferent

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14
Q

________ is a uniquely vestibular hair cell feature and not present in cochlear hair cells.

A

Kinocillium

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15
Q

The utricle is oriented _____ and detects _____ while the saccule is oriented _____ and detects _____.

A

Horizontally
Vertical translations of the head (going up in an elevator)
Vertically
Forward/backward acceleration

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16
Q

The semi-circular canals are oriented _____, _____, and _____. They function in co-planar pairs which is when one ______ another _____ .

A

Posteriorly
Anteriorly
Horizontally
SCC responds in an excitatory fashion
SCC responds in an inhibitory fashion

17
Q

The superior portion of the vestibular nerve innervates the ______, ______, and ______.

A

Horizontal SCC
Anterior SCC
Utricle

18
Q

The inferior portion of the vestibular nerve innervates the ______ and ______.

A

Saccule
Posterior SCC

19
Q

Displacement of the stereocilia in the direction of the kinocilium results in a(n) _______ response

A

Excitiatory

20
Q

Describes the physiology of the cristae, in response to movement

A

There are cristae in the ampulla of each semicircular canal. Cilia embedded in gelatinous membrane (cupula) of the cristae respond to angular acceleration and deceleration

21
Q

If the head turns right, an excitatory reaction is triggered in the _______ SCC and an inhibitory reaction in the ______ SCC

A

Right Horizontal
Left Horizontal

22
Q

If the head shifts down, an excitatory reaction is triggered in the _______ SCC and an inhibitory reaction in the ______ SCC

A

Left Anterior and Right Anterior
Left Posterior and Right Posterior

23
Q

Name the 3 vestibular reflexes

A

Vestibulo-ocular reflex
Vestibulocollic reflex
Vestibulospinal reflex

24
Q

The vestibulo-ocular reflex….

A

Allows for stabilization of gaze with head movement

25
Q

The vestibulocollic reflex…

A

Maintains balance and awareness of body in space

26
Q

The vestibulospinal reflex…

A

Connects the vestibular end organs to the spinal cord and mediates posture

27
Q

State the VOR pathway when the head turns LEFT

A

Endolymph in both horizontal SCCs moves right
In the right SCC, kinocilium are bent away from utricle
In the left SCC, kinocilium are bent towards utricle
Increased firing rate from left horizontal SCC

28
Q

Name the six pathways from the vestibular nuclei in the central vestibular system

A

Nausea
Balance and Cerebellum
Eye movements / image stabilization
Conscious awareness of the sensations
Neck + head movement
Arm + leg posture

29
Q

The two major components of the eye movements in the VOR are the _______ and _______

A

Saccidic System
Smooth Pursuit

30
Q

______ is the objective measurement of vertigo

A

Nystagmus

31
Q

Label the vestibular system

A
32
Q

Label the ducts

A
33
Q

Label the vestibular nerve

A
34
Q

Label the cross-section of an SCC

A

Auditory Anatomy and Physiology (5 decks)

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