Vestibular System

Question 1

Endolymph is secreted by

Answer 1

Cochlear duct

Question 2

Endolymphatic duct drains into

Answer 2

Dural sinus

Question 3

Perilymph drains from _______ and _________

Answer 3

Capillaries and CSF

Question 4

Perilymphatic duct drains into the

Answer 4

Subarachnoid space, into the dura, and into the CSF

Question 5

Different regions of the membranous labyrinth

Answer 5

Semicircular canals, utricles, saccules

Question 6

Different regions of the membranous labyrinth

Answer 6

Semicircular canals, utricles, saccules

Question 7

Cupula is epithlium of sterocilia that project into

Answer 7

Gelatinous mass

Question 8

Crista is sensitive to motion of

Answer 8

Endolymph

Question 9

Crista is sensitive to this acceleration

Answer 9

Angular acceleration

Question 10

Macula of saccule and utricle are this

Answer 10

Cilia that project into gelatinous matrix. Contain otoliths (calcium carbonate stones)

Question 11

Movement of otoliths occur due to

Answer 11

Linear acceleration without endolymphati movement

Question 12

Movement of otoliths occur due to

Answer 12

Linear acceleration without endolymphati movement

Question 13

Macula detects movement in this plane;

Utricles detects movement in this plane

Answer 13

vertical;

horizontal

Question 14

Vertigo is caused by this

Answer 14

acoustic neuroma, meniere’s disease, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo–
Loss of equilibrium

Question 15

Vertigo is caused by this

Answer 15

acoustic neuroma, meniere’s disease, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo–
Loss of equilibrium

Question 16

Meniere’s Disease is caused by

Answer 16

Escess secretion and decreased drainage of endolymph- the labyrinth becomes dialated. Epithelia and receptor cells get stretched

Question 17

Symptoms of Meniere’s Disease

Answer 17

Sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo, fullness in the ear

Question 18

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is caused by

Answer 18

Otoliths from the utricle that all into semicircular canals

Question 19

Conflict of these senses occurs in BPPV

Answer 19

Sensory input between dysfunctional vestiblar and normal somatosensory;
Visual and proprioception senses produce shift in position and body motion

Question 20

VEstibuar nerve donducts vestibular activity to

Answer 20

Vestibular nuclei in brain stem (posture, eye movements); vestibulo-cerebellum (vestibular reflexes)

Question 21

Dysfunction of vestibular system will not communicate correctly with

Answer 21

The brainstem

Question 22

Dysfunction of vestibular system will not communicate correctly with

Answer 22

The brainstem

Question 23

Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex does this

Answer 23

Adjusts eye movements to rotation of head to fix gaze on a visual object

Question 24

Nerves in vestibulo-ocular reflex

Answer 24

Abducens VI - horizontal semicircular ducts- turns head to the left;
Oculomotor nuclei III - turns eye to the right

Question 25

Nystagmus is this

Answer 25

Involuntary saccadic movement when the eyeball is moving

Question 26

Pahotological vs physiological nystagmus

Answer 26

Physiological- norma part of scanning; pathological- eyes are still flicking unnecessarily. Problem in semicircular canals, utricle, saccule, or vestibulo-cerebellum

Question 27

Posture is a pathway that descends from

Answer 27

Vestibular nuclei of the brain

Question 28

This provides precision for posture control

Answer 28

Cerebellum

Question 29

Vestibulo-sympathic reflex enhances this vascular action

Answer 29

Enhances vasoconstriction- to protect against synocpe during postural changes or emotional stress

Question 30

To increase MAP due to postural changes, this occurs

Answer 30

increased otolithic activity enhances sympathetic activity to blood vessels in skeletal muscles and kidney

Question 31

Sacroutrical regions detect this movement when you stand up

Answer 31

Vertical movement- they act to control sympathetic activity-- vestibular system works with baroreceptor system

Question 32

Vestibulo-sympathetic reflex increases this during nausea

Answer 32

vasoconstriction and sweating

Question 33

Vestibular nuclei controls

Answer 33

RVLM

Question 34

In addition to skeletal muscle, this organ is affected by the vestibulo-sympathetic reflex

Answer 34

Kidney- very reactive to changes in blood flow

Question 35

Vestibulo-parasympathetic reflex acts to do this with blood flow

Answer 35

Restores cerebral blood flow after BP drop (orthostatic hypotension) - MAP: baroreceptor vasoconstriction - Cerebral blood flow: vasodilation of cerebral vessels

Question 36

Vestibulo-parasympathetic reflex is activated in this pathway

Answer 36

Solitary nucleus, pterygopalatine (parasympathetic) ganglion-->vasodilation

Question 37

Visual, tactile, and vestibular input allow for this

Answer 37

First-person perspective