Vet Sci Flashcards by Caiti Malloy

What is the fluid replacement formula?

(Weight in #s)*(%dehydrated)*454= mls of fluid needed OR you can use kgs- Kgs* % dehydrated*1000=mls needed

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Define palliative

relieving or soothing symptoms of a disease without curing

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Define anemia

decrease of deficiency of RBC’s and hemoglobin in the blood due to loss, destruction, or lack of production.

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Define immunosuppression

reduced response by the bodies immune system

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Define Active immunity

immunity that results from the bodies own response to an antigen. (best kind!)

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Define passive immunity

Immunity produced by administration of PRE-FORMED antibodies. -Artificial-through injection of plasma, serum -Maternal-ingestion of colostrum

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Define acquired immunity

Antigen specific immunity attributable to production of antibodies and of specific immune T-lymphs.

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Define diagnosis

Complete knowledge. Art & science of distinguishing one disease from another.

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In regards to Specific Resistance vs Non-Specific Resistance: What type of immunity is immediate?

Non-specific resistance

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In regards to Specific Resistance vs Non-Specific Resistance: What type of immunity includes antibody production?

Specific resistance

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In regards to Specific Resistance vs Non-Specific Resistance: What type of immunity protects against anything?

Non-specific resistance

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In regards to Specific Resistance vs Non-Specific Resistance: What type of immunity forms long term protection?

Specific resistance

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What is the vertebral formula for dogs & cats?

C7 T13 L7 S3 CY20-23

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What is the vertebral formula for horses?

C7 T18 L6 S5 Cy 15-21

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What is the adult dog dental formula?

2(I3/3 C1/1 P4/4 M2/3) = 42 teeth

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What is the dental formula for adult cats?

2(I3/3 C1/1 P 3/2 M 1/1) = 30

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Give three examples of micro-organisms.

bacteria fungi virus

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What does FVRCP stand for?

-FVR-Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis (Virus) C-Calici Virus P-Panleukopenia (virus)

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What does stress do to the immune system?

Compromises it

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What is added when it is FVRCPC?

Chlamydia (bacteria)

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What does DHLPP stand for? Are the diseases this contains viral or bacterial?

Distemper (viral) Hepititis/Adenovirus (viral) Leptospirosis (bacterial) Parainfluenza (Viral) Parvo (viral)

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What if it was DHLPPC? What has been added?

Corona (virus)

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What is the normal temperature for dogs and cats?

101.5 +/- degrees F

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What is the normal respiration rate for dogs?

15-30 rpm

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What is the normal respiration rate for cats?

20-30rpm

What is the normal pulse rate for adult dogs? How does it differ for toy breeds? Puppies?

60-160 bpm Toy breeds-up to 180 bpm Puppies-up to 220 bpm

What is the normal pulse rate for cats?

110-220 bpm

At what age do puppies normally receive their first Rabies Vaccination?

16 weeks

At what age do we commonly vaccinate puppies?

Starting at 6-8 weeks Boosters at 12 and 16 weeks

Where do we give the combo vaccine in cats and dogs?

SQ on right front leg, distal to mid-scapula

Where do we give the Rabies vaccine?

SQ on right hind limb, distal to hip

Where do we give the FeLV vaccine?

SQ on left hind distal to hip

Which is larger in diameter-a 16g or an 18g needle?

16g -smaller the #, bigger the needle diameter

Which is larger in diameter- a 12fr red rubber cath or a 10fr?

12 french is larger With Caths-the larger the #, the larger the cath diameter

What is the flow of blood through the heart and body?

1. Vena cava- 2. Right atrium 3. Tricuspid valve 4. Right ventricle 5. Pulmonary valve 6. Pulmonary artery 7. Lungs 8. Back to heart via the pulmonary vein 9. Left atrium 10. Bicuspid valve 11. Left ventricle 12. Aortic valve 13. Aorta 14. Organs in the body

What is FIV and what causes it?

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus --family Retroviridae, Genus Lentevirus Because biting is the most efficient means of viral transmission, free-roaming, aggressive male cats are the most frequently infected. -Infected cats may appear normal for years. However, infection eventually leads to a state of immune deficiency that hinders the cat's ability to protect itself against other infections. The same bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and fungi that may be found in the everyday environment--where they usually do not affect healthy animals--can cause severe illness in those with weakened immune systems. These secondary infections are responsible for many of the diseases associated with FIV.

What is the normal gestation of dogs and cats?

63 days

What type of sling is used to immobilize a HIND limb AFTER coxofemoral dislocation?

Ehmer sling/aka Figure 8 sling -rotates hip inwards so head of femur will sit in acetabulum

What type of splint is used for non-displaced fracture typically to help stabilize it?

Schroeder Thomas Splint -frame made of aluminum, sits on hip, limb suspended after wrapping within frame.

What type of sling is used to prevent weight bearing on front limbs such as for shoulder dislocations and injuries?

Velpeau sling-holds flexed limb against chest

When wrapping a bandage, what direction is it done?

Distal to proximal -helps blood flow back to the heart and prevents swelling

If you are wrapping a long bone fracture, what is one important thing that should be done to immobilize it?

Wrap above and below the joints proximal and distal to fracture

Why are at least 2 toes left exposed when wrapping a limb?

To check for swelling, temp, swelling, bandage tightness

Name the 5 lymph nodes sites in a dog

Axillary inguinal, prescapular popliteal submandibular

What are polypropylene caths used for?

A rigid plastic cath for very short term use such as obtaining a urinary sample

Define gingiva

periodontal MM covering bone of maxilla and mandible

define gingival sulcus

groove formed between neck of tooth and free edge of gingiva.

Where is the neck of the tooth?

found at the gingival margin where crown and root meet

Where is enamel?

covers the crown of each tooth, hardest substance in the body.

Where is cementum?

substance covering the root of a tooth.

Where is dentin located?

a porous bony substance located beneath enamel and cementum of tooth

Where is the pulp cavity located?

A canal located in the center of dentin that is filled with soft tissue, blood vessels and nerves.

Define Apical delta

where blood vessels and nerves enter and exit the tooth

What is the purpose of periodontal ligaments?

connective tissue that holds tissue to bone

What is the buccal surface of a tooth?

comes in contact with CHEEKS

What is the labial surface of a tooth?

Comes in contact with lips (incisors)

What is the lingual surface of a tooth?

comes in contact with the tongue (mandibular teeth only)

What is the palatal surface of a tooth?

Comes in contact with palate (maxillary teeth only)

What is the mesial surface of a tooth?

Side of tooth that comes in contact with mid-line, closest to front of mouth, incisors

What is the distal surface of a tooth?

Side of tooth farthest away from mid-line, incisiors

What is the occlusal surface of a tooth?

surface of the tooth that comes in contact with opposite tooth on opposite jaw. the BITE surface

In the dog, which tooth is the upper carnassial tooth? How many roots does it have?

4th premolar, #108 and 208 3 roots

By what age are most permanent teeth in?

5-6 months

By what age do most puppies and kittens eyes open?

7-14 days

For a small animal bandage, list the order of bandaging material for a basic bandage.

Primary layer dressing-Telfa pad Cotton and or Cast padding Kling or conforming gauze Vet wrap/Elastikon

What type of fractures is a Robert jones bandage used for?

To stabilize fractures distal to elbow or stifle

What is an Ehmer sling used for?

To immobilize the hindlimb following a reduction of a luxated hip

ELISA heartworm tests detect what types of antigens?

Adult female heartworm

FelV and FIV are in what virus family?

Retroviradae

What family is FIP virus in?

Cornaviridae

What family is the Panleukopenia virus in?

Parvoviridae

Vet Sci Flashcards

(71 cards)