Vibrio

Question 1

What is the main disease it causes?

Answer 1

Cholera

Question 2

What is the host?

Answer 2

Only man

Question 3

Which type of Vibrio causes cholera?

Answer 3

Only V.cholerae with CT (cholera toxin)

Question 4

What do the non-cholera vibrios include?

Answer 4

V.cholerae without CT and all other Vibrios

Question 5

How does V.cholerae spread?

Answer 5

Water and raw seafood
Spreads via F&B contaminated with human faeces

Question 6

What does V.cholerae cause?

Answer 6

Enteritis, diarrhoea

Question 7

Where is V.parahemolyticus found in?

Answer 7

Fresh and seawater, raw seafood

Question 8

What does V.parahemolyticus cause?

Answer 8

Gastroenteritis and SSTI
Food poisoning - diarrhoea and vomiting usually within 24hours (acute onset of explosive watery diarrhea or frank dysentry-like syndrome)
*self-limiting
*

Question 9

Where is V.vulnificus found in?

Answer 9

Raw seafood, oysters, seawater

Question 10

What does V.vulnificus cause?

Answer 10

SSTI - wound infection, fasciitis, septicaemia in immunocompromised

Question 11

How to treat V.vulnificus?

Answer 11

• Aggressive surgical wound Debridement
• Combination: doxy/ceftazidime/cipro

Question 12

What is used to plate V.cholerae and how does it look like?

Answer 12

Curved gram negative rods and yellow on Thiosulphate Citrate Bile salts and sucrose

Question 13

What are the different types of cholera toxin V.cholerae?

Answer 13

-Type O1: 98% of epidemic cholera
-Type O139: 2% of epidemic cholera

Question 14

How is cholera toxin spread?

Answer 14

Bacteriophage

Question 15

What kind of diarrhoea does V. cholerae cause?

Answer 15

Rice water stool, copious watery painless diarrhoea

Question 16

How common is vomiting in V.cholerae?

Answer 16

Moderately common

Question 17

Is there fever and abdominal pain in V.cholerae?

Answer 17

Uncommon

Question 18

What are the virulence factors of V.cholerae? How do they work?

Answer 18

“A” unit causes diarrhoeal disease
-inhibits Na+ and HCO3- uptake and causes hypersecretion of Cl- and HCO3-, with enormous water loss

“B” unit binds and is immunogenic

Question 19

What is the vaccine given for V.cholerae?

Answer 19

Oral inactivated V.cholerae 01 + toxin B subunit

Question 20

What can be done with Cholerae? Aka how to treat?

Answer 20

Rehydration with electrolytes
Ciprofloxacin, tetracycline