VIP and ASD

Question 1

what are visual impairments

Answer 1

any part of optical system, perceptual system or CNS is defective, diseased or malfunction

Question 2

MC condition of VI in philippines

Answer 2

amblyopia

Question 3

usual pedia conditions that causes of VI

Answer 3

CP

prematurity

language and hearing disorders

eye prob shit

toxoplasmosis

fetal alcohol syndrome

Question 4

children c VI present delays in

Answer 4

motor skills

cognition

communication

self help skills

social skills

Question 5

what is blindism

Answer 5

stereotyped behaviors in VI - body rock, hand sway, eye rub, head bang, finger fidget

assoc c sensory deprivation

non-purposeful but provides calming effect

Question 6

characteristics of child c VI

Answer 6

low muscle tone

prefers supine

clings to parents

postural prob

diminished static and dynamic balance

motor delays

Question 7

usual motor delays seen in VI

Answer 7

sitting

creeping and walking

stair neg

object transfer and hand play

RGR

grasp patterns

Question 8

guidelines in facilitating movement and exploration

Answer 8

establish the space - describe it to pt

maximize available vision if meron

provide exp with sound and attach meaning to them

use handling techniques

Question 9

hand-under-hand

Answer 9

child’s hand is resting over PTs hand

used for first timers - let child feel the movement while PT guides

verbally exp motions during

Question 10

hand-over-hand

Answer 10

PT hand over child hand

child touches material then PT will just guide

used when activity is learned then gradually dec support

Question 11

use of guide dogs

Answer 11

properly trained dogs that function on command of VIP

guides

Question 12

use of sighted guides

Answer 12

VIP will follow their movement and guide

Question 13

white canes vs long cane

Answer 13

white - support can and provides stab
- can be used by legally blind or low vision

long cane - for exploring surroundings
- swept on R then L foot advance
- sweep at armpit level; higher for clearance
- like shaking hands and extend 2 in beyond shoulder

Question 14

discuss the cycle in facilitation of movement in VI pedia

Answer 14

stim and engagement

faci optimal use of vision

provide variety of movement and pos

Question 15

discuss stimulation and engagement for VI

Answer 15

meaningful activities

promote play

Question 16

discuss faci optimal use of vision for VI

Answer 16

heavy jt compression

different textures

weight shifting

vestib exp

Question 17

discuss providing variety of movement and pos changes for VI

Answer 17

use sitting, standing, cruising and walking

discourage W-sitting

work in front of child

train balance reactions

Question 18

discuss basic handling for VI

Answer 18

provide verbal cues - introductory and advance description

move c the child

goal oriented movements

use KPC

slow and small to big and fast speed and range of handling

firm touch

Question 19

fostering head control for VI

Answer 19

several short periods of supervised prone pos - tummy time

hand under chin and behind head

can to tapping on cervical muscles

withdraw supp as child gains control

Question 20

fostering rolling for VI

Answer 20

several short periods of supervised prone pos - tummy time

stomach to back - tuck bend arm under chest then roll over using KPC

back to stomach: extend one arm up while lifting leg on same side then roll baby towards arm using KPC

Question 21

fostering sitting for VI

Answer 21

baby on floor and PT behind

can use hands to prop

use roods or weight shifting

Question 22

fostering standing for VI

Answer 22

stand on stable muna

apply heavy jt compression and do wegiht shift

Question 23

fostering walking for VI

Answer 23

make shift walker - small chair, box or box to push

hands at hip so arm free

offer less suport as control inc

Question 24

guidelines in using guides

Answer 24

guide is taller - hold wrist

guide is same hand - hold elbow

Question 25

discuss stair neg in VI

Answer 25

1: allow child to explore stairs but not play 2: verbal cues and extra time 3: consistent strategy 4: teach what to do with canes, hands and feet; use of handrails 5: add visual contrast to steps and lighting 6: provide lots of exp and settings

Question 26

general guidelines in managing VI

Answer 26

use proprioceptive and vestib input toys should be in reach practice in-hand coordination consistent use of terms maintain predictable arrangement involve parent and caregivers allow time for learning

Question 27

what is ASD

Answer 27

neurodev disability - social communication and behaviors probs in posture and muscle tone

Question 28

ASD motor domain

Answer 28

abnormal UE tone postural assym in lying head lag in pull to sit

Question 29

discuss positioning and AD in ASD

Answer 29

used to align, support or inhibit movements pelvic supp femoral stab lateral supp

Question 30

discuss bean bag chairs in ASD

Answer 30

circle time for pt c sensory issues weighted lap pads - grounding effect cushions for kids to wiggle in place has fidget toys for busy fingers can also help low tone kids to sit up straight

Question 31

discuss management in ASD

Answer 31

sessions are very structured educate parents, teacher and others faci motor, locomotor, fine motor, balance and object control