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Block 10 Week 4 > Viral Hepatitis - Verma > Flashcards

Viral Hepatitis - Verma Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

t/f: drugs, EtOH, toxins, bacteria, or viruses can cause hepatitis

A

true

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2
Q

what is the most common liver infx in the US?

A

hepatitis virus (all of them as a class)

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3
Q

which two hep viruses are fecal borne?

A

A and E

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4
Q

which three hep viruses are blood borne?

A

B
C
D

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5
Q

Acute hepatitis lasts for less than…

A

6 months

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6
Q

Chronic hepatitis lasts longer than six months and is caused by which three strains of the hep virus?

A

B, C, and D

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7
Q

t/f: besides cirrhosis and liver failure, chronic hepatitis can lead to liver CANCER

A

true

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8
Q

what serum marker do you use to test for Hep A or E?

A

IgM for HAV or HEV

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9
Q

t/f: hep A vaccine should be given before and after exposure

A

false; only before for prevention

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10
Q

what should be given to help treat hep A post exposure?

A

HAV immune globulin

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11
Q

t/f: hep A exposure is almost universal during childhood

A

true; due to poor hygeine

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12
Q

In what types of environments with close person contact are you at risk for getting hep A?

A 
household workers
child day care centers
infected food handlers
internt'l travelers
immigrants
people living in crowded environments
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13
Q

What is the sexual risk factor for hep A?

A

gays

…because its fecal borne? Ew.

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14
Q

t/f: blood exposure is a common route of transmission of hep A

A

false

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15
Q

t/f: HAV appears in the stool during viremia

A

true

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16
Q

t/f: HAV appears in the stool before IgM levels peak

A

true

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17
Q

after how many weeks does the HAV infx peak?

A

4

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18
Q

what percent of the US has had a previous hep A infection?

A

40% !!!!!

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19
Q

t/f: there is a 100% rate of infection of hep A in developing countries

A

YES WTF THIS IS CRAZY

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20
Q

Which hepatitis strain accounts for nearly half of all acute viral hepatitis?

A

hep A

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21
Q

which countries have the highest levels of anti-HAV?

A

Greenland (WTF)
Central America
Africa
India/Indochina

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22
Q

Which serum Ig do you use to test for hep E?

A

IgG

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23
Q

t/f: there is no specific treatment or vaccine for hep E

A

true

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24
Q

What is the best method of reducing transmission rates of hep E?

Study These Flashcards
A

improving sanitary conditions

25
t/f: hep E appears in the stool before clinical symptoms
true
26
How many weeks after exposure does HEV titer peak?
6
27
how many weeks after exposure does IgM anti-HEV peak? why is this important?
peaks during Sx, but IgG continues to rise, that's why we use IgG to test for previous infx
28
What is the biggest risk factor for HEV?
travel to developing countries
29
What groups are at risk of getting HEV?
persons living in developing nations/refugee camps/overcrowded housing
30
In countries in which hep B is endemic, what is the most common route of exposure?
perinatally
31
Based on its prevalence in the US, what is the most common route of exposure to hep B?
unprotected sex with multiple partners
32
What are the three antigens used to characterize hep B?
HBsAg (surface antigen) HBcAg (core antigen) HBe Ag ( "e" antigen)
33
Besides HBV antigens, HBV (blank) and host (blank) are also used to characterize HBV infx
HBV DNA | host antibodies
34
HbsAg forms part of what structure in HBV?
envelope
35
HBsAg outnumbrs virions in the serum by how many times?
10^2 - 10^5 times!
36
t/f: HBsAG positive persons have an overt HBV infection and therefore liver disease
false; | they have an overt infx but not necessarily liver dz
37
what Ab do you see in a person that has been vaccinated against HBV?
anti-HBsAg ONLY
38
What two antibodies do you see in a person who has become immune due to a natural infection?
anti-Hbs | anti-Hbc
39
What two antibodies and which Ag do you see in a person that has an acute HBV infection?
HBsAg anti-IgM HBc Anti-HBc
40
Which antibody and which antigen do you see in someone with a chronic HBV infection?
HBsAg | Anti-HBc
41
If you see someone with just Anti-HBc, what does that tell you about their immune status?
interpretation unclear; can't tell shit! 1. resolving infx 2. false pos 3. low level chronic infx 4. resolving acute infx
42
If a male comes in with acute HBV from MSM, what public health steps should be taken?
1. The case of acute hepatitis B should be reported to the local health department. 2. The patient should be advised to inform his sex and household contacts that they might have been exposed to HBV and that they should see a health care professional for medical evaluation. 3. The patient should be tested for total anti-HAV to determine if he is a candidate for hepatitis A vaccination.
43
t/f: gays are at a greater risk of getting HCV than the general population
false; same risk!
44
The hep C virus is (RNA/DNA)
RNA
45
t/f: there are multiple serotypes of hep C
false; only one
46
what percent of pts resolve a hep C exposure on their own?
15%
47
What is the five year survival in pts with hepatocellular carcinoma?
less than 5%
48
what percent of pts with chronic HCV get cirrhosis?
20%
49
what things accelearate the decline of liver function in HCV?
HIV HBV EtOH
50
Which two things will you see in the serum for someone who has an HCV infx (acute or chronic depending on clinical picture)
Anti-HCV | HCV RNA
51
What will you see in someone who has resolved an HCV infection?
anti-HCV only
52
What will you see in someone who has early acute HCV, or chronic HCV in immunosuppressed pts?
HCV RNA only
53
t/f: someone who does not have HCV will not show HCV RNA or anti-HCV
true
54
what are the two types of tests you can use to detect HCV?
``` ensyme immunoassay (EIA) recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) ```
55
How much higher are ALT levels in acute hep C infx?
AT LEAST 7x higher
56
Compare ALT levels in acute vs. chronic HCV infx
chronic is higher than normal, but not as high as acute
57
t/f: someone with HCV that donates blood during the window period (6 months post infection) would not show anti-HCV antibodies on the blood donation screen
true; that is why there is still a small risk of hep C with blood transfusion
58
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they're really good!!

Block 10 Week 4 (9 decks)

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