viral hepititis Flashcards
(12 cards)
virus and genome for each type
A - picornavirus - ssRNA
B - hepadnivirus dsDNA
C - flavivirus ssRNA
D - deltavirus ssRNA
E - hepevirus ssRNA
transmission for each type
A - faecal oral (enteric) - often travellers - contaminated food and water
B + C + D - bloody products and bodily fluids
E - faecal oral (enteric) - especially undercooked seafood
which hepititis are available for vaccines
A - yes
B - yes
C - no
D - indirect protection with HBV vaccine
E - no
serology and tests
A + D + E - active HAV IgM
recovery/vaccination HAV IgG
C - RNA PCR
Enzyme Immunoassay - HCV IgG; not protective
acute/chronic
A - acute
B - mainly acute - chronic is age dependant <6yrs
C - often progress to chronic
D - chronic
E - mainly acute
treatment
A - not required
B - vaccine - pegylated interferon alpha 2a - tenofovir
C - anti-virals - ribavirin - sofusbuvir
D - same as B
E - not required
complications
A - none
B + C + D - post-necrotic cirrhosis + HCC
E - fulminant hepititis - HEV infection in pregnancy
HVD progression to HVB
HBD unable to replicate on its own, required concurrent HBV infection
it makes HVB more likely to progress to cirrhosis/HCC
Typical Presentation of Hepatitis
Abdominal pain
Fatigue
Flu-like illness
Pruritus (itching)
Muscle and joint aches
Nausea and vomiting
Jaundice - esp conjugated and unconjugated
dark urine
urobilinogen in urine
hepatomegaly - pain
pathology of hepatitis
virus target hepatocytes
antigens on hepatocyte MHC-1
CD8 t cells - cytotoxic killing of hepatocytes
cells undergoing this apopptosis = councilman bodies
LFT
ALT AST high
ALT highest and last to return to normal
atypical lymphocytosis
large lymphocytes from antigen stimulation
