Viral infections

Question 1

What is the treatment of serious HSV and VZV infections?

Answer 1

IV acyclovir

Question 2

______ can be used to treat mild to moderate postherpetic neuralgia

Answer 2

Capsaicin cream

Question 3

Initial treatment of uncomplicated shingles (herpes zoster) is with

Answer 3

Oral acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir

Question 4

What infectious disease should be considered in patients with regional pain and hyperesthesia/allodynia without evidence of disease in local internal organs?

Answer 4

Herpes zoster (Shingles)

Question 5

What patient population is likely to have a prolonged course of molluscum contagiosum, with widespread papules?

Answer 5

Immunocompromised patients (e.g. HIV)

Question 6

Flesh-colored, dome-shaped, umbilicated skin lesions are diagnostic of:

Answer 6

molluscum contagiosum

Question 7

Molluscum contagiosum is caused by:

Answer 7

Molluscum contagiosum virus, which is part of the poxvirus family

Question 8

What are the first-line medications for postherpetic neuralgia?

Answer 8

TCAs and/or gabapentin

Question 9

Criteria of disseminated varicella zoster infections

Answer 9

Dissemination is present if:
- > 20 extradermatomal lesions
- Involvement of ≥ 3 dermatomes AND/OR
- Visceral organ involvement

Question 10

What is the likely diagnosis in a child with a pruritic rash with clusters of vesicles in different stages of healing?

Answer 10

Varicella zoster infection (chickenpox)

Question 11

The treatment for chickenpox?
-Non-immunosuppressed
- Immunosuppressed:

Answer 11

• Topical ointments, supportive measures
• Acyclovir

Question 12

Physical examination shows swelling and erythema of the pulp space of the left index finger; there are multiple 3-mm vesicles. Diagnosis

Answer 12

Herpetic whitlow.

Question 13

Dx Childhood Exanthems:

• Begins at head and moves down and postauricular lymphadenopathy:
• Begins at head and moves down and preceded by cough, coryza,conjunctivitis:

Answer 13

• Rubella
• Measles

Question 14

What is the most likely diagnosis of a child with low-grade fever, posterior cervical lymphadenopathy, and a generalized erythematous, blanching, nonconfluent maculopapular rash with medium-sized spots?

Answer 14

Rubella

Question 15

Herpes simplex virus is definitively diagnosed with:

Answer 15

PCR or viral cultures

Question 16

Which cause of genital ulceration presents with painful vesicles on an erythematous base?

Answer 16

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)

Question 17

What mumps complication occurs predominantly in post-pubertal males?

Answer 17

Orchitis

Question 18

What are the 4 C’s of measles?

Answer 18

• Cough
• Coryza
• Conjunctivitis
• Koplik spots

Question 19

Treatment of which virus can benefit from vitamin A supplementation?

Answer 19

Measles

Question 20

Adults symmetric polyarthritis in the fingers, hands, knees, and ankles and a lacy rash in the trunk. Diagnosis:

Answer 20

Parvovirus B19 infection

Question 21

Which recombinant cytokine can be used to treat Kaposi sarcoma?

Answer 21

IFN-α

Question 22

What is the likely diagnosis in a patient with poorly controlled HIV that develops multiple violaceous papules in the groin region?

Answer 22

Kaposi sarcoma (HHV-8 infection)

Question 23

Patient presents with a nonpruritic, blanching, maculopapular rash that developed immediately after the abrupt cessation of a high fever:

Answer 23

Roseola

Question 24

What is a complication of roseola?

Answer 24

Extreme spiking in the prodrome that may cause febrile seizures

Question 25

Patient with prodromal fever, dysphagia, and oral examination findings such as lip erosions, vesicles over the tongue. Most likely diagnosis:

Answer 25

Herpetic gingivostomatitis

Question 26

Treatment of eczema herpeticum

Answer 26

Its is considered a dermatological emergency. Initiate oral or IV acyclovir