Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GUM > Viral STIs > Flashcards

Viral STIs Flashcards

1
Q

Types of viral STIs

A

HPV, Molluscum contagiosum, herpes simplex 1 & 2, EBV, Human herpes virus 8, hepatitis viruses, HIV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which viruses predominantly cause dermatological symptoms

A

HPV, MC, HSV 1&2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pathophysiology of Herpes simplex

A

DNA viruses which establish latency in dorsal root ganglia, which can recur and are infectious for life.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Diagnosis of Herpes simplex

A

Nucleic acid identification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which HPVs are high risk and oncogenic

A

Types 16 and 18

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which HPVs are low risk and non-oncogenic

A

Types 6 and 11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do HPV 16 and 18 cause

A

> 95% SCC of cervix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do HPV 6 and 11 cause

A

> 90% external ano-genital warts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is monkeypox

A

Orthopox virus related to smallpox, cowpox, it is a DNA virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How is monkeypox transmitted

A

Contact with infectious rashes, scabs, bodily fluids, fomite, respiratory secretions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Prodromal symptoms of monkeypox

A

Swelling of lymph nodes, muscle pains, headache, fever, followed by the development of rash, can cause a proctitis syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Incubation period of monkeypox

A

10-14 days, although asymptomatic carriage in the pharynx and rectum has been found in MSM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the manifestation of molluscum contagiosum

A

Benign epidermal eruption of the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Diagnosis of monkeypox

A

NAATs testing from lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When can social contact resume in someone with monkeypox

A

When scabs have fallen off or protected by clothing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How long are condoms advised for in monkeypox patients

A

12 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cause of genital warts

A

HPV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Common STI causes of genital lumps

A

Molluscum, warts, syphilis, scabies, LGV, herpes, monkeypox

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Transmission rate of genital lumps

A

Around 65% to susceptible partners

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Symptoms of anogenital warts

A

Usually little physical discomfort but irritation and soreness can occur, commonly at site of micro-trauma during sex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Symptoms of internal genital warts

A

Distortion of urine flow, bleeding from urethra or anus

22
Q

What does treatment of genital warts depend on

A

Site
Number
Pregnancy status
Keratinised or non-keratinised

23
Q

Topical treatment options for genital warts

A

Podophyllotoxin 0.15% cream or 0.5% solution
Imiquimod 5% cream
Green tea extract 10% ointment (Cetaphem)

24
Q

Uses of podophyllotoxin

A

Local tissure necrosis so used on externally on non-keratinised warts. Not used in pregnancy

25
Q

Uses of imiquidmod cream

A

Stimulates immune response acting on keratinised and non-keratinsed warts. Not used in pregnancy

26
Q

Clinical treatments of genital warts

A

Cryotherapy, hyfrecation, excision - safe in pregnancy and internal warts. Very painful

27
Q

Which malignancies are associated with HPV

A

Cervical, vulval, penile and anal

28
Q

Non STI transmission of molluscum contangiosum

A

Routine physical contact or fomites

29
Q

When is MC most severe

A

In immunocompromised patients

30
Q

Appearance of molluscum contangiosum

A

Commonly 1-30 lesions at a time in clusters. Can become keratinised. Can affect almost any part of the body. Often asymptomatic. Usually regress spontaneously within months

31
Q

Treatment of MC

A

Often no treatment but educate. Can use podophyllotoxin, imiquimod or cryotherapy

32
Q

What may MC be a first indication of

A

HIV

33
Q

Diagnosis of MC

A

Clinical appearance, biopsy rarely

34
Q

STI causes of genital ulceration

A

Herpes, syphilis, LGV, chancroid, donovanosis, monkeypox

35
Q

What does HSV1 cause

A

Oro-labial herpes (coldsores) but now most common cause of genital herpes

36
Q

What does HSV2 cause

A

Used to be the most common cause of genital herpes but now most likely to cause recurrent anogenital symptoms

37
Q

Symptoms of genital herpes

A

Asymptomatic, local symptoms such as painful ulceration, dysuria, vaginal/urethral discharge, systemic symptoms of fever, myalgia, more common in primary infection

38
Q

How long does it take for infection of herpes to cause symptomatic episodes

A

2 days to 2 weeks (in one third of patients)

39
Q

What happens in the majority of patients who are infected with herpes

A

2/3 of patients have the virus lie latent in the dorsal root sensory ganglia

40
Q

What are the outcomes of reactivation of herpes

A

Symptomatic recurrent disease or asymptomatic shedding - both can cause transmission

41
Q

What does serology detect in HSV infection

A

HSV type specific antibody is detected, IgM is undetectable but IgG indicates infection at some point.

42
Q

Progression of herpes lesions

A

Erythema -> blisters no erythematous base with clear/purulent fluid -> ulcers -> scabbing -> healed skin

43
Q

Complications of herpes

A

Superinfection of lesions with candida or strep species (usually in second week)
Autonomic neuropathy leading to urinary retention
Autoinoculation to fingers and adjacent skin
Aseptic meningitis
Herpes proctitis

44
Q

Management of first episode of herpes

A

Supportive care
Immediate antivirals within 5d of episode / while new lesions are forming - aciclovir 400mg TDS PO 5 days or valaciclovir 500mg BDPO 5 days

45
Q

Supportive care of herpes

A

Saline bathing, analgesia, topical anaesthetics

46
Q

Management of recurrent episode of herpes (episodic antivirals)

A

Early treatment is most effective (prior to papules)
Aciclovir 800mg TDS 2 days
Famaciclovir 1g BD 1 day
Valaciclovir 500mg BD 3 days

47
Q

Management of recurrent episode of herpes (suppressive antiviral)

A

Aciclovir 400mg BD PO

48
Q

When is suppressive antiviral therapy used for herpes

A

> 6 occurances pa, severe anxiety/morbidity, not controlled by episodic therapy, reduction of transmission

49
Q

Ways to prevent transmission of herpes

A

Condoms by 50%, suppressive antiviral by 50%, abstinence during recurences, disclosure

50
Q

How protective is the monkeypox vaccine thought to be

A

80%

51
Q

What are the three main tropical STIs

A

Chancroid - haemophilus ducreyi
LGV - chlamydia trachomatis L1, L2, L3
Donovanosis - klebsiella granulomatosis

GUM (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions