virology

Question 1

Adenovirus

Answer 1

Shed from eyes/respiratory secretions

Pneumonia in children, respiratory distress, diahrrea

Question 2

HSV-1

Answer 2

Herpesviridae
dsDNA
Spread through contact with secretions
Oral Herpes

Question 3

HSV-2

Answer 3

Herpesviridae
dsDNA
Spread through secretions
Genital Herpes, neonatal, encephalitis

Question 4

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Answer 4

Herpesviridae
Slow replication
spread though contact
Shed in saliva, tear, breast milk,urine
Asymptomatic or Infectious-Mono-like
petichae, hepatosplenomegaly

Question 5

Epstein-Barr Virus

Answer 5

Herpesviridae
Infectious Mononucleosis (sore throat, fever, lymphadenopathy)
Increased age = increased symptoms
Diagnosed though serological test

Question 6

Variella Zoster Virus (VZV)

Answer 6

Herpesviridae
Droplet inhalation or contact with lesions
Varicella = chickenpox (children, heals in 1-2 weeks)
Zoster = Shingles (adults, remains latent in cranial ganglia after primary infection; rashes, lesions, pain)

Question 7

Human Herpesvirus-6

Answer 7

Herpesviridae
Roseolla
children 6months-2 years
fever, rash
reactivation in immunocompromised people

Question 8

Papillomas/warts

Answer 8

Papviridae
High Rick= Type 16, 18
Diagnosis in cytology

Question 9

Variola (Small Pox)

Answer 9

Poxviridae

rash, fever, lesions on palms/head/soles

Question 10

Parvovirus

Answer 10

Parvoviridae
Smallest DNA virus
more common in children
"slapped face" rash for up to 2 weeks
decreased RBCs (short lived anemia)

Question 11

Rotavirus

Answer 11

Reoviridae
most viral gastroenteritis in kids
spread through oral-fecal route
Replicates in epithelial cells of microvilli of small intestine, virus shed in stool
vomit, diarrhea, fever

Question 12

Coltivirus

Answer 12

Reoviridae

Colorado Tick Fever (Dengue-like)

Question 13

Lassa Virus

Answer 13

Arenaviridea
Asymptomatic OR diarrhea/vomiting (hemorrhaging if advanced)
Spread though contact with excretions from rats

Question 14

Rift Valley Fever Virus

Answer 14

Bunyviridae
Arthropod vector
encephalitis/hepatitis

Question 15

Hanta Virus

Answer 15

Bunyviridea

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome

Question 16

Coronavirus

Answer 16

Coronaviridae
RNA virus
Cold-like symptoms
fever, pneumonia
SARS

Question 17

Ebola Virus

Answer 17

Filoviridae
High mortality
Fever, chills, diarrhea, vomit, hemorrhaging of organs

Question 18

Dengue

Answer 18

Flaviviridea
Transmitted by mosquitoes
Fever, bone pain ("Break Bone Fever")
Self-limiting (1-2 wks)
DHF = hemorrhage, shock

Question 19

Influenza Virus

Answer 19

Orthomyxoviridea
Enveloped with 8 segments of ssRNA
Surface Ag “H” (hemagglutanin) is used to bind to host cells
Vaccination contains 2 strains of Flu A and 1 strain of Flu B (trivalent)
Droplet spread

Question 20

Antigenic Drift

Answer 20

minor change in antigenic structure

Question 21

Antigenic Shift

Answer 21

drastic change in antigenic structure

Question 22

Genetic reassortment

Answer 22

when coinfected with BOTH Avian and human influenza = new strain

Question 23

Rubulavirus

Answer 23

Paramyxoviridea
ssRNA
MUMPS
spread through droplets

Question 24

Morbillivirus

Answer 24

Paramyxovirdea
Measles (rubeola)
Spread by aerosols
Resp. tract, lymph nodes
Sneezing, coughing, fever
"Koplik Spots" (Oral lesions)

Question 25

RSV

Answer 25

Pneumoviridea Croup, Bronchitis infants, nosocomial droplets/fomites

Question 26

Enterovirus

Answer 26

Picornaviridea In areas of poverty/poor hygiene Aerosol/fomite nausea, diarrhea

Question 27

Poliovirus

Answer 27

Picornaviridea | Polio

Question 28

Coxsackivirus

Answer 28

``` Hand Foot and Mouth Disease Picornaviridae Fomites, fecal-oral naked viruses sores on tongue/soft palette rash on hands/feet ```

Question 29

Rhinovirus

Answer 29

Picornaviridea small, naked common cold aerosols grows best on human diploid fibroblast cells Differentiated from Enterovirus with acid buffed (Rhinovirus is acid LABILE, Enterovirus is acid STABLE)

Question 30

HIV

Answer 30

``` Retroviridae ssRNA spherical virus with 3-layer structure blood/body fluids life cycle: Targets CD4+ T Cells, mild symptoms, latency period (while virus is reproducing), decreased lymphocytes, swollen lymph nodes, opportunistic infections occur (cancer, histo, toxo) Confirm with Western Blot ```

Question 31

Rhabdoviridae

Answer 31

Rabies

Question 32

Hepatitis A

Answer 32

``` Naked ssRNA Picornaviridea Fecal-oral route Virus replicates in liver cells, passes into intestine, shed in stool Does NOT cause chronic liver damage ```

Question 33

Hepatitis B

Answer 33

``` Hepadnavirus enveloped ssDNA Blood-borne, semen, vaginal fluid transmitted sexually and pernatal IV drug abusers Fever, hepatic tenderness, jaundice Can lead to carcinoa/cirrhosis HBsAg = HBV ```

Question 34

Hepatitis C

Answer 34

Flaviviridae ssRNA blood transfusions, IVDA cirrhosis/hepatic carcinoma

Question 35

Hepatitis D

Answer 35

Deltavirus ssRNA Needs HBV (co-infection)

Question 36

Hepatitis E

Answer 36

ssRNA | Fecally contaminated water

Question 37

HBsAG

Answer 37

late incubation and acute

Question 38

Anti- HBs

Answer 38

Recovery

Question 39

Anti- HBc IgM

Answer 39

Acute and Convalescent

Question 40

Anti-HBc Total

Answer 40

Acute, Convalescent, and recovery