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virus Flashcards

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1
Q

DNA viruses mnemonic –

A 
H -H-A-P-P-P-y
Herpesvirus 
Hepadnavirus 
Adenovirus
Papovavirus 
Parvovirus
Poxvirus
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2
Q

Herpesvirus

A 
Herpes simplex (HSV), varicella-zoster (VZV),
cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr (EBV)
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3
Q

Hepadnavirus

A

Hepatitis B

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4
Q

Adenovirus

A

Numerous serotypes

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5
Q

Papovavirus

A

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

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6
Q

Parvovirus

A
  • Erythema infectiosum
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7
Q

Poxvirus

A

Molluscum contagiosum, smallpox, orf, milker’s nodules

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8
Q 
Paramyxovirus Measles, mumps
Togavirus Rubella
Rhabdovirus Rabies
Retrovirus HIV, HTLV
Picornavirus Enterovirus: coxsackie virus
A

RNA Viruses

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9
Q 
Congenital Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
 Infection during ? trimester - Highest risk for permanent abnormalities
A

1st and 2nd

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10
Q 
#1 infectious cause of deafness and mental retardation in U.S.
Most common congenital viral infection
A

Congenital Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

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11
Q

TORCH syndrome

A

“blueberry muffin baby” purpura

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12
Q

• Small for gestational age, microcephaly, retinitis, colobomas, intracranial calcifications

A

Congenital Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

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13
Q

Epstein-Barr Virus Infects

A

B lymphocytes

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14
Q

Oral hairy leukoplakia • Slightly raised white plaque on

VIRUS?

A

lateral surface of tongue with a corrugated
appearance

Epstein-Barr Virus

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15
Q

Exanthem Subitum (Roseola Infantum, ? Disease)

A

HHV-6, HHV-7

6Th disease

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16
Q

Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease

transmission

A

• Oral–oral and fecal–oral mode

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17
Q

Herpangina ?coxsackievirus

A

• Group A coxsackievirus

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18
Q

Exanthem Subitum (Roseola Infantum, ? Disease)

fever and rash temporal
spread?

A

High fever , 4 days later eruption as the fever subsides

Lesions appear first on trunk, then spread to extremities

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19
Q

Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease virus

A

• Coxsackievirus A16 or enterovirus 71

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20
Q

Erythematous papules with grayish vesicle surrounding red areola

A

Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease

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21
Q
  • Fever, headache, cervical lymphadenopathy

* Gray-white papulovesicles in oral mucosa that ulcerate (commonly present on tonsillar fauces, palate)

A

Herpangina

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22
Q

Neonatal Herpes Simplex

Use of scalp electrodes

A

increase risk of neonatal transmission in HSV-infected mothers

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23
Q

Neonatal Herpes Simplex
In utero infections can rarely occur
are associated with fetal anomalies

A

microcephaly, encephalitis, intracranial calcifications

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24
Q

(Kaposi’s Varicelliform Eruption)

A

:
• Atopic dermatitis
• Darier’s disease
• Hailey-Hailey, or severe seborrheic dermatitis

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25
Acyclovir-resistant HSV* – Treatment *Most commonly due to TK-deficient strains of HSV
• TK-independent fashion Foscarnet – directly inhibits viral DNA polymerase • cidofovir – inhibits viral DNA polymerase
26
(Kaposi's Varicelliform Eruption)
: • Atopic dermatitis • Darier's disease • Hailey-Hailey, or severe seborrheic dermatitis
27
Acyclovir-resistant HSV* – Treatment *Most commonly due to TK-deficient strains of HSV
• TK-independent fashion Foscarnet – directly inhibits viral DNA polymerase • cidofovir – inhibits viral DNA polymerase
28
Ramsay Hunt Syndrome | • Caused by VZV infection
of the geniculate ganglion
29
? causes roseola infantum = exanthem
• HHV-6 • HHV-7 – Sixth disease
30
Kaposi’s sarcoma, Castleman’s syndrome
HHV-8
31
``` Human Papillomavirus (HPV) encodes “E” (early) and “L” (late proteins) • E proteins (E1-8): participate in ```
viral DNA replication
32
? form virion (the outer shell of the HPV virus)
L proteins (L1-L2): structural protein
33
Verrucous Carcinoma (HPV-associated) on penis
Giant condyloma of Bushke-Lowenstein
34
Verrucous Carcinoma on sole of foot
• Epithelioma cuniculatum
35
• Oral florid papillomatosis
Verrucous Carcinoma (HPV-associated)
36
Palmo-plantar HPV TYPE
1
37
Common
2, 4
38
Flat
3, 10
39
Butcher's
7
40
13, 32
Oral focal epithelial hyperplasia
41
5, 8, 9, 12, 14, 15, 17, 19-26
Epidermodysplasia verruciformis
42
6, 11
Anogenital; Bushke-Lowenstein tumor
43
High risk anogenital/cervical; Bowenoid papulosis
16, 18, 31, 33-35
44
measles virus, a
paramyxovirus
45
* High fever * “3 C’s:” Cough, Coryza, Conjunctivitis * Koplik’s spots
Measles
46
Molluscum Contagiosum
a poxvirus
47
paravaccinia virus, a poxvirus of the genus Parapoxvirus
Milker’s Nodule
48
• Transmitted to humans from infected cows | •
Milker’s Nodule
49
Contagious Pustular Dermatitis, Contagious Ecthyma
orf virus (OV)
50
Caused by, a poxvirus of the genus Parapoxvirus
Milker’s Nodule orf virus (OV)
51
papule/nodule on the dorsal index finger
``` Milker’s Nodule orf virus (OV) ```
52
``` orf virus (OV) ? stages, each lasting ```
6, 6 days:
53
- red papule -nodule with erythematous center, white middle ring, and erythematous halo – red, weeping nodule – crust with black dots on surface of nodule – small papillomas – lesion crusts flattens, and ultimately resolves
1. ) Papular 2. ) Target – 3. ) Acute 4. ) Regenerative 5. ) Papillomatous 6. ) Regressive
54
(Fifth disease) –
Parvovirus B19 Infection | • Children: Erythema Infectiousum
55
• Adults:Parvovirus B19
Acute arthropathy with fever and | adenopathy; may develop a lacy, reticular macular eruption
56
Children:Parvovirus B19
slapped cheK
57
Papular purpuric “gloves and socks” syndrome | AW Fever and oral erosions
Parvovirus B19
58
Parvovirus B19 in patients with sickle-cell disease and other chronic anemias • in immunocompromised patients
• Aplastic crisis | Severe chronic anemia
59
Parvovirus B19 Pregnancy: Hydrops fetalis, spontaneous abortion (highest risk in
first half of pregnancy
60
*TORCH Syndrome causes
``` hepatosplenomegaly, thromboyctopenia microcephaly deafness chorioretinitis low birth weight, congenital heart disease; ```
61
*TORCH Syndrome
``` – Toxoplasmosis – – Other (syphilis, bacterial sepsis) – – Rubella – – CMV – – HSV – ```
62
Rubella | most severe when acquired in ??trimester
1st
63
Dermal extramedullary erythropoiesis
Blueberry Muffin Baby
64
few cases have a prodromal rash of macules, papules, or petechiae “swimming-trunk” distribution, which is pathognomonic
Smallpox
65
Smallpox Caused by
variola, a poxvirus
66
Smallpox favor the trunk over the head and extremities
false
67
Smallpox on light microscopy
Diagnosis: Guarnieri’s bodies | cytoplasmic eosinophillic inclusions
68
* Erythema multiforme-like eruptions * Bacterial superinfection – S. aureus, group A beta-hemolytic streptococci * Accidental inoculation – eczema vaccinatum may develop if inoculated onto dermatitic skin
Smallpox Vaccination Complications
69
Smallpox following vaccination of a pregnant woman
Congenital vaccinia –
70
Generalized/ Progressive vaccinia – children with vaccinia
isolated IgM deficiency are especially prone
71
``` Varicella (Varicella-Zoster-Virus) Distinguishing Features (Compare to Smallpox) • prodrome • distribution • “Dew drops on a rose petal” – • evolution ( ```
``` Absent or mild Centripetal vs centrifugal different stages of evolution vs synchronous papules, deep-seated vesicles, pustules, central umbilication ``` Rapid vs two weeks
72
Congenital Varicella syndrome - when?hypoplastic limbs, ocular and CNS abnormalities
• First 20 weeks of gestation:
73
5 days before and 2 days after delivery:
Neonatal Varicella
74
Neonatal Varicella at 5 to 10 days of age because of inadequate treat with
transplacental delivery of maternal antivaricella antibodies; VZIG + IV-acyclovir

pharmaco, infections, mycology (7 decks)

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