Virus and bacteria

Question 1

What is the basic unit of life in bacteria?

Answer 1

The cell.

Question 2

True or False: Viruses can reproduce on their own.

Answer 2

False.

Question 3

Fill in the blank: Bacteria are classified as __________ organisms.

Answer 3

Prokaryotic.

Question 4

What structure protects bacteria from the environment?

Answer 4

Cell wall.

Question 5

Which of the following is a method of bacterial reproduction? A) Mitosis B) Binary Fission C) Budding

Answer 5

B) Binary Fission.

Question 6

What is the primary genetic material in viruses?

Answer 6

RNA or DNA.

Question 7

True or False: All viruses cause disease.

Answer 7

False.

Question 8

What type of bacteria require oxygen for survival?

Answer 8

Aerobic bacteria.

Question 9

Identify the process by which bacteria can exchange genetic material: A) Conjugation B) Transcription C) Translation

Answer 9

A) Conjugation.

Question 10

What is the term for bacteria that thrive in extreme environments?

Answer 10

Extremophiles.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: A virus that infects bacteria is called a __________.

Answer 11

Bacteriophage.

Question 12

What is the role of ribosomes in bacteria?

Answer 12

Protein synthesis.

Question 13

True or False: Viruses have a cellular structure.

Answer 13

False.

Question 14

What is the main difference between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria?

Answer 14

The structure of their cell walls.

Question 15

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a shape of bacteria? A) Cocci B) Bacilli C) Spirilla D) Tetrahedron

Answer 15

D) Tetrahedron.

Question 16

What is the primary function of the viral capsid?

Answer 16

To protect the viral genetic material.

Question 17

Fill in the blank: Bacteria can be beneficial, such as those found in the __________.

Answer 17

Human gut.

Question 18

True or False: Antibiotics are effective against viruses.

Answer 18

False.

Question 19

What is the term for the process by which bacteria can become resistant to antibiotics?

Answer 19

Antibiotic resistance.

Question 20

Which of the following is a common method for classifying bacteria? A) Color B) Shape C) Size

Answer 20

B) Shape.

Question 21

What is the primary method by which viruses enter host cells?

Answer 21

Endocytosis.

Question 22

Fill in the blank: The study of bacteria is known as __________.

Answer 22

Bacteriology.

Question 23

True or False: All bacteria are harmful to humans.

Answer 23

False.

Question 24

What is the term for the dormant form of some bacteria that can survive extreme conditions?

Answer 24

Endospore.

Question 25

Multiple choice: Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus? A) Tuberculosis B) Influenza C) Strep Throat

Answer 25

B) Influenza.

Question 26

What is the primary mode of transmission for most viruses?

Answer 26

Direct contact or respiratory droplets.

Question 27

Fill in the blank: The outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria contains __________.

Answer 27

Lipopolysaccharides.

Question 28

True or False: Viruses can be treated with vaccines.

Answer 28

True.

Question 29

What is the term for a virus's ability to cause disease?

Answer 29

Pathogenicity.

Question 30

Which of the following structures is involved in the attachment of viruses to host cells? A) Envelope B) Tail fibers C) Capsid

Answer 30

B) Tail fibers.

Question 31

What type of bacteria do not require oxygen for growth?

Answer 31

Anaerobic bacteria.

Question 32

Fill in the blank: The __________ stain is commonly used to differentiate bacteria.

Answer 32

Gram.

Question 33

True or False: Viruses can undergo mutation.

Answer 33

True.

Question 34

What is the process called when a virus integrates its DNA into a host's genome?

Answer 34

Lysogeny.

Question 35

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a common method of viral replication? A) Budding B) Binary Fission C) Mitosis

Answer 35

A) Budding.

Question 36

What are the two main types of bacteria based on their response to Gram staining?

Answer 36

Gram-positive and gram-negative.

Question 37

Fill in the blank: A __________ is a virus that only infects bacteria.

Answer 37

Bacteriophage.