Viruses Flashcards
West Nile virus
1. Time of year
2. Symptoms
3. Test to confirm
Culex mosquito. Between June-October.
Meningitis, encephalitis.
Maculopapular rash,
Flaccid paralysis like polio w respiratory failure. Confirmed by IgM antibody on CSF
Zica virus
1. Transmission
2. Symptoms
3. Treatment
- Aedes mosquitoes or sexual contact.
- Fever, rash, headaches, arthralgia, conjunctivitis.
- Self limited one week.
Dengue
1. Symptoms
2. Test
Fevers travelers from South America but in anywhere warm.
Retro oral pain, abrupt high fevers, myalgia, low back pain. Petiquea in positive tourniquet test.
Babesiosis
1. Symptoms
2. Location
3. Peripheral smear
- transfusión hemolysis, fever.
- From New England, the mid-Atlantic, and the upper Midwest.
- intraerythrocytic rings are seen on a peripheral blood smear.
Cytomegalovirus
1. Lab findings
2. Treatment
- thrombocytopenia, ADRENALITIS, bone marrow suppression.
Owls eye. - Tx: valganciclovir
Ehrlichiosis
Lab findings
And treatment
aminotransferases, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia.
Treatment: Doxycycline.
Transferred by ticks
Dog related
Chikungunya
1. Symptoms
2. Lab findings
symmetric poly arthralgias, fevers, conjuntivitis.
Hands and feet common
From American continent
Transamininitis, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia
Symptomatic treatment
RTA TYPE 1
1. Chloride
2. Potassium
3. Risk of what
(Distal)
1. High chloride
2. Low potassium
3. Risk of calcium phosphate stones
Normal anion gap
RTA type 2
1. Potassium
2. Phosphorus
3.urine finding
(Proximal)
1. Low potassium
2. Low phosphorus
3. Glucose in urine
Normal anion gap
Liddle syndrome
Hypertension
Metabolic acidosis
Hypokalemia
Enterovirus
Common symptoms
Most common viral meningitis
Between may and November
Pharyngitis, maculopapular rash, cough
Brucellosis
1. Trigger words
Cattle, sheep, pigs
2 - 4 weeks incubation
Ebola
Symptoms
Risk facor
Mucosal bleeding that progresses to hemorrhagic shock and multi organ system failure.
Just made it through contact with infected body fluids or fomites
Tularemia symptoms and trigger words
Abrupt onset fever, chills, malaise, myalgia 3-5 days after exposure.
Rabbits, rodents contact
Non specific febrile, viral-like illness w headache followed by encephalopathic state
Neuro manifestation: Parkinsonism
MRI: thalamus lesions
IgM antibodies in CSF
Japanese encephalitis from
Culex mosquito
Occurs in areas of Lyme disease. (North East and mid west)
Treatment
Labs
Anaplasmosis
Tx: doxy
Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, ast/alt high
Babesiosis
Animal that spreads it
Spread by deer tick.
Occurs in areas of Lyme disease
Rash for Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Macular eruption on ankles or wrists that spreads centrally on day 7 of illness
Ricketsi ricketsi
Tularemia. What bug? Presentation
Lone star tick. From rabbits
Symptoms around infection site
Ulceroglandular, glandular, oculoglandular, oro pharyngeal and pneumonic presentation
What bug is this
Babesiosis
What bug is this and what cell is this
Babesiosis
Intra erythrocytic ring piroplasm
Intracellular inclusions
Fever, hemolytic anemia
What 2 common etiologies
Babesiosis
Malaria
Intracellular inclusions
Fever, hemolytic anemia
What 2 common etiologies
Babesiosis
Malaria
What is this
Intraerythrocytic tetrad
Aka Maltese cross
Finding in Babesiosis
