viruses Flashcards
1
Q
rna that can work as mRNA
A
+ sense viral RNA
2
Q
- sense RNA requires ____
A
virion associated RNA dependent RNAp
3
Q
naked dna viruses
A
adeno, papova (o), parvo
4
Q
naked rna viruses
A
reo (ds, 12), picorna, calici «_space;+ sense
5
Q
enveloped dna viruses
A
pox (brick), herpes, hepadna (o)
6
Q
enveloped rna viruses
A
retro, corona, toga, flavi «_space;+ sense
filo, arena (o, 2), bunya (o,3), paramyxo, orthomyxo (8), rhabdo «_space;-sense
7
Q
latent period
A
no external virus
8
Q
eclipse period
A
no external or internal virus
9
Q
viral attachment mediated by:
A
env: env glycoproteins
naked: surface proteins
10
Q
hiv viral receptor
A
CD4
11
Q
hiv target cell
A
Th cells, macrophages, microglia
12
Q
ebv receptor
A
CD21 = CR2
13
Q
ebv target cell
A
b lymphocytes
14
Q
reovirus receptor
A
beta adrenergic receptor
15
Q
reovirus target
A
neurons
16
Q
rabies receptor
A
acetylcholine
17
Q
rabies target cell
A
neuron
18
Q
immune response to naked viruses
A
antibody
19
Q
immune response to enveloped viruses
A
antibody and cell-mediated
20
Q
3 modes of viral entry
A
receptor mediated endocytosis, coated pits, fusion proteins
21
Q
which strand is template for mrna? dna
A
- strand of genome
22
Q
which strand is template for mrna? +rna (retroviruses)
A
mrna from ds negative dna template
23
Q
which strand is template for mrna? +rna
A
acts as mrna to make rnap which makes -rna which is template for more +rna
24
Q
which strand is template for mrna? -rna
A
template for +mrna
25
intermediate replicative: hep b
ssrna --> DNA polymerase (Rna dependent)
26
intermediate replicative: +ssRNA
-ssRNA
27
intermediate replicative: +ssRNA retrovirus
dsDNA
28
intermediate replicative: -ssRNA
+ssRNA
29
intermediate replicative: dsDNA
nothing except for hep b which uses a ssRNA
30
persistent productive infection from a naked virus
none --> only cytolytic or latent infection
31
essential component for env viral infectivity
glycoproteins on envelope
32
rare late complication of measles
sspe
33
infection type: lysis of host cell
cytolytic - mostly naked
34
infection type: senescence of cell
persistent productive
35
infection type: no damage
persistent latent w/o viral production
36
infection type: immortalization
transforming w/w/o viral production
37
moa of interferons in viral interference
inhibit replication via action on target cells --> activation of rna endonuclease which digests viral rna; activation/phosphorylation of pk that inactivates eIF2
38
killed vaccines
rest in peace always: rabies, influenza, polio (salk) , hep a
39
live vaccines
mmr, vzv, adeno, polio (sabin), small pox, yellow fever
40
active immunization-component vaccine
hep b
41
dx hep a acute
igm hav
42
mortality hep a
<.5%
43
transmission hep a
fecal-oral
44
family features hep a
picorna; rna naked
45
family features hep b
hepadna: dna env
46
family features hep c
flavi: rna env
47
family features hep d
circular, env
48
family features hep e
calici: rna, naked
49
mortality hep b
2%
50
mortality hep c
1%
51
mortality hep d
high
52
mortality hep e
pregnant 20, normal 2%
53
dx acute hep b
hbsag, igm hbcag
54
dx hep c
ab to hcv, elisa
55
dx hep d
hep d ab, hbsag
56
dx hep c
ab to hev, elisa
57
dane particle
infections hbv
58
window period of hbv
end of hbsag and start of hbsab
59
first hep b antibody to appear
igm hbcab
60
hbv e antigen suggests
low risk of transmission
61
ssdna virus
parvo - all others are ds
62
all dna viruses are of ____ shape except ____ which is
icosahedral except pox which is brick shaped complex
63
all dna viruses replicate dna in ____ except ___
nucleus except pox
64
which dna viruses have a virion associated polymerase?
hepadna --> needs dna polymerase to make a -rna template
| pox --> needs dna dependent RNAp to make dna in cytoplasm
65
what does it mean that hep b is ds
partially ds with one complete strand
66
what family/what dna? b19
parvo, SS dna, naked
67
what family/what dna? papilloma/polyoma
papova, dna, naked
68
what family/what dna? adeno
adeno, dna, naked
69
what family/what dna? hsv, vzv, ebv, cmv
herpes, dna env --> nuclear origin
70
what family/what dna? variola, vaccinia, molluscum
pox, dna, env, made in cytoplasm, brick shaped complex (not icosahedral), has dna dependent rnap
71
hep b
hepadna, circular ds dna, env with dnap
72
aplastic crisis in sickle cell
parvo virus b19
73
hydrops fetalis
parvo virus b19
74
koilocytes
hpv - papova
75
cervical cancer
hpv 16, 18 - papova
76
renal disease in immunosuppressed
bk virus - polyoma
77
pml
jc virus - polyoma
78
hexons, penton bases, and fibers
adeno - fibers bind to host cell receptors and act as hemagglutins
79
shipyard conjunctivitis
adeno
80
military ard and pneumonia outbreak
adeno 4, 7, 21
81
adeno vaccine
live, non attenuated 4, 7, 21 by enteric-coated capsules
82
infantile diarrhea adeno
40, 41
83
hsv latency in ___ cells
neurons
84
ebv latency in ____ cells
b
85
why is acyclovir only effective in herpes cells
herpes thymidine kinase is required to activate it; inhibits only herpes polymerase, leaving host polymerase functioning
86
intranuclear inclusion bodies
herpes
87
nuclear membrane envelope
herpes- -> assembled in nucleus
88
trigeminal root ganglion
hsv1
89
rbc in csf
hsv1 meningoencephalitis --> csf pcr, acyclovir
90
sacral nerve ganglion
hsv2
91
dorsal root ganglia
vzv
92
heterophile +
ebv
93
atypical reactive t lymphocytes
downey type ii cells --> ebv
94
heterophile antibodies cross react with ____
paul bunnel antigen on shep
95
3 cancers associated with ebv
burkitt, thymus, nasopharyngeal
96
owls eyes
cmv --> basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies w/smaller eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies
97
herpes infecting fibroblasts
cmv
98
roseola
herpes 6
99
kaposi cofactor
herpes 8
100
virus coded lipid on surface
pox
101
guarnieri bodies
intracytoplasmic inclusions in smallpox - variola
102
immunogen in smallpox vaccine
vaccinia
103
oval eosinophlic cytoplasmic inclusion bodies
molluscum
104
helical rna viruses
corona (+ sense)
| all the negative sense except for rhabdo (bullet)
105
bullet shaped rna virus
rhabdo
106
norwalk agent
calici
107
hep e
calici
108
polio
picorna
109
echo
picorna
110
entero
picorna
111
rhino
picorna
112
coxsackie
picorna
113
hep a
picorna
114
yellow fever
flavi
115
dengue
flavi
116
st louis
flavi
117
hep c
flavi
118
rubella
toga
119
wee, eee
toga
120
hiv
retro
121
htlv
retro
122
sarcoma
retro
123
mumps
paramyxo
124
measles
paramyxo
125
rsv
paramyxo
126
paraflu
paramyxo
127
rabies
rhabdo
128
marburg
filo
129
ebola
filo
130
influenza
orthomyxo
131
hanta
bunya
132
lassa
arena
133
lymphocytic choriomeningitis
arena
134
surface protein binds sialic acid
hemagluttin (N acetylneuraminic acid receptor)
135
clips sialic acid, releasing virus
neuraminidase
136
anterior horn
polio
137
live polio vaccine
sabin - oral -best gut immunity
138
killed polio vaccine
salk - injectible
139
hand foot mouth
coxsackie a
140
myocarditis, IDDM in children, bornholm's disease
coxsackie b
141
old person with hypertension and mosquito bite
st louis encephalitis
142
liver, kidney, heart + mosquito bite
yellow fever
143
hemorrhagic shock in child who previously had break bone disease
dengue --> breakbone is mild version with rash/joint pain --> immune enhancement of entry to macrophages on second infection
144
crown appearance
coronavirus
145
c type particle
htlv --> centrally located electron dense nucleocapsid
146
components of hiv virion
two copies of ss+RNA, rna dependent DNAp, integrase, protease,
147
all viruses are haploid except
retroviruses = 2x ssrna
148
all rna viruses replicate in cytoplasm except
influenza and retro
149
gp350 binds
c3d --> cr2=cd21
150
cowdry a inclusions
hsv intranuclear inclusions
151
f protein
surface fusion protein in paramyxoviruses (infect children - measles, mumps, rsv, paraflu) --> causes resp cells to fuse into multinucleated cells
152
palivizumab
mab against f protein in paramyxoviruses - rsv
153
rash diff between measles and rubella
hands and feet included in measles
154
negri bodies
rabies- rhabdo -ssRNA w/env
155
purkinje cells of cerebellum
rabies
156
oncogenic hepatitis
b
157
SECES
```
hep b in order of appearance:
surface antigen
e antigen
core antibody
e antibody
surface antibody
```
158
gp120
attachment to cd4
159
gp41
fusion and entry hiv
160
gag
capsid protein hiv
161
env of hiv
gp 120 and gp41
162
ccr5 vs cxcr4
ccr5 is early binding, cxcr4 late coreceptor
163
homozygous ccr5
immune from hiv
164
dx of hiv
elisa (sensitive) then western blot (specific); then pcr for viral load
165
why are hiv tests + in infants of infected mothers
anti-gp120 crosses placenta
166
HIV patient: oval yeast, cd4<100
histo
167
HIV patient: pseudohyphae, cd4<400
candida - thrush
168
HIV patient: pseudohyphae, cd4<100
esophageal thrush
169
HIV patient: neutrophilic inflammation in vessel
bartonella henselae --> bacillary angiomatosis
170
HIV patient: acid fast cyst cd4<200
crypto
171
HIV patient: demyelination; pml cd4<200
jc virus
172
HIV patient: ring enhancing lesions CD4<100
toxo
173
HIV patient: india ink yeast CD4<50
crypto
174
HIV patient: cotton wool spots + esophagitis, CD4< 50
cmv
175
HIV patient: lymphocytic inflammation in vessel
hhv8 - kaposi's
176
HIV patient: lateral tongue
hairy leukoplakia - ebv
177
HIV patient: waldeyer's ring
large cell NHL EBV
178
HIV patient: tb like disease
mai cd4<50
179
HIV patient: hemoptysis
aspergillus fumigatus
180
HIV patient: pneumonia cd4<200
pcp
181
warfin-finkeldy cells
measles (rubeola) giant cell pneumonia
182
hpv e6 inactivates
p53
183
hpv e7 inactivates
p110
184
prion - cannibalism
kuru
185
prion - cow
cjd
186
prion - sheep
scrapie
187
prion - familial
fatal familial insomnia or gerstmann straussler
188
hbv/hdv is an example of
complementation
