Visceral Innervation of the Abdomen Flashcards
(33 cards)
what are the 3 distinct pathways of the sympathetic NS
1) to the body wall (ie: hind paws)
2) body cavity cranial to diaphragm
3) body cavity caudal to diaphragm
what are the 3 distinct pathways of the parasympathetic NS
1) head and neck
2) body caudal to the neck: thorax, foregut, midgut
3) hindgut and pelvis
describe pain
damage to visceral structure which follows the sympathetic pathway backward then heads dorsally
describe non pain
sensations such as fullness, bloating and cramping
follows parasympathetic pathway backward
what system is the thoracolumbar system?
sympathetic
what system is the craniosacral system?
parasympathetic
what is the role of the sympathetics in the abdomen?
will inhibit the function of abdominal organs, typically by decreasing blood flow to organs through vasoconstriction
where do thorax sympathetics originate?
T1-T5 –> CP splanchnic nerves attach to C1-T5 paravertebral ganglia
what do abdomen sympathetics originate?
T5-L4 –> AP splanchnic nerves attach to T5 -Coccygeal level paravertebral ganglia
what levels are the body wall found on?
ALL LEVELS
what happens after synapse for postganglionic fibers?
travel in periarterial plexuses along arterial branches to the target organs
what sympathetics supply the celiac trunk?
celiac ganglion
what sympathetics supply the cranial mesenteric artery?
cranial mesenteric ganglion
what sympathetics supply the caudal mesenteric artery?
caudal mesenteric ganglion
where does hindgut begin?
about 2/3 of the way along the transverse colon
what is the role of parasympathetics in the abdomen?
usually will stimulate the abdominal organs (smooth muscle in the walls of the GI tract) and secretory cells in the epithelium, gland cells in the submucosa, and a few organ-specific cells
describe the parasympathetic pathways in the foregut and hindgut
same pathway that has been learned
where are preganglionic parasympathetic cell bodies destined for hindgut and pelvic organs located?
spinal cord anterior horn at levels S2, S3, S4
the sacral splanchnic nerves (sympathetic AP nerves) are branches of:
branches of the sympathetic chain
the pelvic splanchnic nerves (parasympathetic) are branches of:
branches of ventral rami
where might the mix up occur for referred pain for foregut and midgut?
likely dorsal horn (same as thorax)
how does pain travel in the hindgut?
follows the parasympathetic pathway back to the CNS
where does referred pain from hindgut get mixed up?
still occurs in the dorsal horn
how does nonpain travel for the foregut and midgut?
follows the vagus nerve to the brainstem
